Nokea
The recent discovery of taste receptors that detect sweetness in the small intestine illustrates that
- A. chemical responses occur in various parts of the body.
- B. new discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made.
- C. everything about anatomy and physiology has been discovered.
- D. the molecular and cellular level is crucial in anatomy and physiology.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The recent discovery of taste receptors in the small intestine illustrates that new discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made. This finding demonstrates that our understanding of the human body is continuously evolving. Choice A is incorrect because the discovery does not imply that chemical responses occur in only one part of the body but rather showcases a specific new discovery. Choice C is incorrect as it is highly improbable that everything about anatomy and physiology has been discovered given the complexity of the human body. Choice D is incorrect as while the molecular and cellular level is important in anatomy and physiology, the primary focus of this discovery is on the new findings about the taste receptors in the small intestine.
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Is the following statement true: The anatomical position is lying down, as a cadaver would be positioned?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is False. The anatomical position is a standardized way of describing the human body's orientation in a consistent manner. The anatomical position is standing upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and palms facing forward. This position serves as a reference point for anatomical descriptions and directional terms. Therefore, the statement that the anatomical position is lying down, as a cadaver would be positioned, is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the anatomical position is not lying down. Choices C and D are also incorrect as there is a definitive answer to the question.
Which of the following is not true of organelles?
- A. They carry out specific activities.
- B. They are only present in human cells.
- C. They are composed of aggregates of large molecules.
- D. They are found in many types of cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Organelles are not exclusive to human cells but are present in various types of cells across different organisms. Option B is incorrect as it suggests that organelles are only found in human cells, which is false. Choices A, C, and D are correct statements about organelles. Organelles indeed carry out specific activities, are made up of aggregates of large molecules, and can be found in many types of cells.
Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
- A. The uterus
- B. The uterine tube
- C. The vulva
- D. The bulbourethral gland
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bulbourethral gland is not part of the female reproductive system. This gland is part of the male reproductive system and is responsible for producing a clear fluid that helps in lubrication during sexual activity. Choices A, B, and C are part of the female reproductive system. The uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. The uterine tube (fallopian tube) transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus. The vulva includes the external genital organs of the female.
The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _____.
- A. observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
- B. conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
- C. studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts
- D. sketching; dissecting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An anatomist focuses on observing the structure and morphology of body parts, such as organs, tissues, and cells, to understand their organization. On the other hand, a physiologist is more concerned with studying the functions and processes of these body parts, including how they work individually and together to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, the correct answer is 'observing body parts; studying functions of body parts.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the primary activities of anatomists and physiologists.
The term 'physiology' is related to
- A. the Latin meaning of 'physical shape.'
- B. the structure of internal organs.
- C. the Greek for 'cutting up.'
- D. the Greek for 'relationship to nature.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The term 'physiology' originates from the Greek words 'physis' (meaning nature) and 'logos' (meaning study or relationship). Therefore, the correct answer is 'the Greek for 'relationship to nature.' Choice A is incorrect as it refers to the Latin meaning of 'physiology,' not the Greek origin. Choice B is incorrect as it is specific to the structure of internal organs, not the overall study of nature. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a different term related to dissection or anatomy, not physiology.