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The Reed-Sternberg cell is the hallmark diagnostic indicator for disease.
Correct Answer: Hodgkin
Rationale: The Reed-Sternberg cell, large abnormal multinucleated cells in the lymph nodes, is diagnostic of Hodgkin disease.
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The presence of excess bands in the peripheral blood that indicate severe infection is indicated in which manner?
- A. shift to the left.
- B. shift to the right.
- C. bone marrow aspiration.
- D. thrombocytosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of excess bands in the peripheral blood is called a shift to the left (i.e., a shift toward immature cells) and indicates severe infection.
When the 14-year-old patient comes into the emergency room in sickle cell crisis, which should be the primary focus of care?
- A. Genetic counseling
- B. Applying ice packs
- C. Pain relief measures
- D. Providing iron replacements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain control during the crisis is the focus. Continuous opioids are the mainstay of pain management. Genetic counseling would not be appropriate during a crisis. Ice packs would constrict blood vessels, thus contributing to more pain. Iron replacement is not usually given with sickle cell anemia.
The nurse explains that the treatment of hemophilia has been revolutionized with the advent of the use of which medical intervention?
- A. corticosteroids.
- B. large doses of testosterone.
- C. Prophylactic use of factors VIII and IX.
- D. transfusion with packed red cells.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recombinant factor VIII and recombinant factor IX have been major forward steps in the treatment of hemophilia.
The nurse expects the plan of care for a patient with leukemia to focus on which aspect of care?
- A. Prevention of abnormal clotting
- B. Promotion of mobility activities
- C. Frequent transfusions of plasma
- D. Prevention of infectious diseases
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The white blood cells are abnormal and not functioning well with leukemia, therefore, prevention of infection is a priority of care. A lack of platelets is seen with leukemia, causing excessive bleeding, not abnormal clotting. Promoting mobility is not a priority of care with leukemia. Plasma transfusions are not associated with care of a patient with leukemia.
A child with hemophilia is hospitalized with hemarthrosis. Which should the nurse caring for that child expect to implement when following the plan of care?
- A. Use analgesia sparingly.
- B. Apply warm compresses to reduce hemorrhages in the joint.
- C. Encourage vigorous joint movement exercises to keep the joints flexible.
- D. Reinforce instructions to receive factor VIII infusions prophylactically
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prophylactic infusions of factor VIII reduce episodes of hemarthrosis.