Nokea
The region between the vaginal orifice and anus is called:
- A. Peritoneum
- B. Cul-d
- C. sac
- D. Perineum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perineum. The perineum is the region between the vaginal orifice and anus. It includes the external genitalia and the area surrounding the anus. The peritoneum (A) is a membrane lining the abdominal cavity, not related to this specific region. Cul-de-sac (B) refers to a pouch-like structure in the abdominal or pelvic cavity, not the area specified in the question. Sac (C) is a general term and does not specifically denote the region between the vaginal orifice and anus. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it accurately describes the anatomical location in question.
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Which gland surrounds the upper portion of the urethra just below the junction with the urinary bladder?
- A. Ejaculatory
- B. Seminal vesicles
- C. Bulbourethral
- D. Prostate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prostate. The prostate gland surrounds the upper portion of the urethra just below the junction with the urinary bladder. It secretes a fluid that makes up a significant portion of semen. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Ejaculatory gland is not a correct anatomical structure.
B: Seminal vesicles are located behind the bladder and contribute to semen production.
C: Bulbourethral glands are located at the base of the penis and secrete a lubricating fluid during arousal.
In order for milk to flow from the nipple of the mother into the mouth of the nursing infant, which of the following must occur?
- A. Myoepithelial cells must relax
- B. Prolactin levels must fall
- C. Oxytocin secretion from the posterior pituitary must take place
- D. The baby’s mouth must develop a strong negative pressure over the nipple
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because oxytocin is responsible for stimulating the contraction of myoepithelial cells around the alveoli in the mammary glands, causing milk ejection. This process is known as the let-down reflex. In contrast, choice A (myoepithelial cells must relax) is incorrect because they need to contract to push milk out. Choice B (prolactin levels must fall) is incorrect because prolactin is responsible for milk production, not milk ejection. Choice D (the baby's mouth must develop a strong negative pressure over the nipple) is incorrect because it is the mother's hormone release, not the baby's action, that causes milk flow.
Which statement by Mrs. Carson would indicate to you that she does NOT have a complete understanding of the self breast examination technique?
- A. I do the examination every month a few days after my period.'
- B. I use my fingertips to examine all of the breast tissues.'
- C. I begin the examination by inspecting my breasts with hands at my side.'
- D. I especially check the upper, outer quadrant and under my arms.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beginning the examination by inspecting the breasts with hands at the side is not the correct technique; hands should be raised above the head.
Which hormone triggers ovulation?
- A. GnRH
- B. LH
- C. FSH
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: LH (Luteinizing Hormone) triggers ovulation. Firstly, LH surge stimulates the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Secondly, it plays a crucial role in the development of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential implantation. GnRH (Choice A) is the hormone that stimulates the release of LH and FSH (Choice C) from the pituitary gland, but it does not directly trigger ovulation. Estrogen (Choice D) is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and prepares the uterine lining for implantation but does not directly trigger ovulation.
A mother asks a nurse when her daughter should get immunized again for human papilloma virus (HPV). What is the nurse’s most appropriate response to this question?
- A. Your daughter does not need this immunization until she becomes sexually active.
- B. The recommended age for this immunization is between 25 and 30 years of age.
- C. Between the ages of 11 and 26 years is the recommended time for this immunization.
- D. When she begins having menstrual periods is the best time for this immunization.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Between the ages of 11 and 26 years is the recommended time for this immunization. The HPV vaccine is recommended for females aged 11-26 to prevent HPV infections, which can lead to cervical cancer. Starting vaccination early provides the best protection before potential exposure to the virus. Option A is incorrect as waiting until sexual activity can leave the individual vulnerable to HPV. Option B is incorrect as the recommended age range is 11-26, not 25-30. Option D is incorrect as the timing of menstrual periods is not a factor in determining when to get the HPV vaccine.