Nokea
The regulation of oxytocin during childbirth is an example of which of the following mechanisms?
- A. Physiological rhythm
- B. Secondary input
- C. Loop regulation
- D. Positive feedback
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An example of the regulation of oxytocin during childbirth is an example of positive feedback. The positive feedback mechanism increases the target organ action beyond normal. The release of oxytocin is stimulated by pressure receptors in the vagina. As the fetus enters the vagina during childbirth, the pressure receptors sense increased pressure and signal the brain to release more oxytocin.
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The nurse is interviewing a patient who has a possible thyroid disorder. Which of the following questions will provide the most useful information?
- A. What methods do you use to help cope with stress?
- B. Have you experienced any blurring or double vision?
- C. Do you have to get up at night to empty your bladder?
- D. Have you had any recent unplanned weight gain or loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because thyroid function affects metabolic rate, changes in weight may indicate hyper- or hypofunction of the thyroid gland. Nocturia, visual difficulty, and changes in stress level are associated with other endocrine disorders.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a 24-hour urine collection for 17-ketosteroids. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement?
- A. Keep the specimen on ice.
- B. Insert a retention catheter.
- C. Have the patient void and save that specimen to start the collection.
- D. Encourage the patient to drink 2-3 L of fluid during the 24 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The specimen must be kept on ice or refrigerated until the collection is finished. Voided or catheterized specimens are acceptable for the test. The initial voided specimen is discarded. There is no fluid intake requirement for the 24-hour collection.
The nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with tetany. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
- A. Total protein
- B. Blood glucose
- C. Ionized calcium
- D. Serum phosphate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tetany is associated with hypocalcemia. The other values would not be useful for this patient in relation to tetany.
The nurse is teaching a patient how to prepare for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Which of the following patient response indicates that the teaching has been effective?
- A. Fast 12 hours before the procedure
- B. Clear fluid diet 12 hours prior to the test
- C. Drink only full fluids 6 hours before the test
- D. No fluid or food restrictions prior to the test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasting for 12 hours before the procedure demonstrates that teaching has been effective. The patient is to be NPO 12 hours prior to the test. A clear fluid diet 12 hours pretest is not indicated. A full fluid diet 6 hours pretest is not indicated.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing a water deprivation test. Which of the following findings is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider?
- A. Intense thirst
- B. 2.3 kg weight loss
- C. Orthostatic hypotension
- D. No change in urine osmolality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A drop in the weight of more than 2 kg indicates severe dehydration, and the test should be discontinued. The other assessment data are not unusual with this test.