Nokea
The risk of prostate cancer increases when a man is over the age of
- A. 40
- B. 70
- C. 60
- D. 50
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 50. Prostate cancer risk increases with age due to factors like hormonal changes and cell mutations over time. At age 50, men are more likely to develop prostate cancer compared to younger ages. Men over 70 have an even higher risk, but the question specifies an age where the risk starts to increase, making 50 the most appropriate choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not reflect the typical age range where prostate cancer risk significantly rises.
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A resident has just been informed that his wife has died. The nursing assistant notes that he is staring and his skin is pale. She suspects the resident is experiencing shock. What should she do next?
- A. The NA should place the resident on his side.
- B. The NA should offer food or a sip of water.
- C. The NA should elevate the resident's legs.
- D. The NA should ask the resident's friend to help cheer him up.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Elevating the resident's legs can help improve blood flow to vital organs and prevent shock. Placing the resident on his side (choice A) may be important if he vomits, but it won't address shock. Offering food or water (choice B) is not appropriate for someone in shock as they may have difficulty swallowing. Asking the resident's friend to cheer him up (choice D) is not addressing the physical symptoms of shock.
Which of the following is an example of objective information?
- A. Mrs. Lin Ho has a bad back.
- B. Mrs. Lin Ho has a respiratory rate of 23 breaths per minute.
- C. Mrs. Lin Ho wants to go home.
- D. Mrs. Lin Ho is happy when her son visits.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because stating Mrs. Lin Ho's respiratory rate of 23 breaths per minute is a factual, measurable, and observable piece of information. It is objective as it can be confirmed through direct observation or measurement. In contrast, choices A, C, and D involve subjective interpretations or feelings that cannot be independently verified. Choice A is based on a subjective assessment of Mrs. Lin Ho's back condition, choice C is about her desires, and choice D relates to her emotional state, all of which are subjective and influenced by personal perceptions or biases. Therefore, choice B stands out as the only option that provides concrete and verifiable information, making it the example of objective information in this scenario.
What describes a hazard in the workplace?
- A. A wet floor sign put up after mopping.
- B. Leaving the windows unlocked.
- C. Climbing out of a tractor cab.
- D. An electric cable that is uncovered.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uncovered electric cables are physical hazards that can cause injury.
Which of the following statements regarding patients with thoracic spine injuries is TRUE?
- A. Log-rolling may be destabilizing to fractures from T12 to L1
- B. Adequate immobilization can be accomplished with the scoop stretcher
- C. Spinal cord injury below T10 usually spares bowel and bladder function
- D. Hyperflexion fractures in the upper thoracic spine are inherently unstable
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Log-rolling may be destabilizing to fractures from T12 to L1. Log-rolling involves moving a patient as a unit to prevent further spinal cord injury. In patients with thoracic spine injuries at T12 to L1, log-rolling can cause disruption or misalignment of the fractured vertebrae, leading to potential neurological damage or increased spinal instability. Therefore, avoiding log-rolling in these cases is crucial to prevent further harm.
Choice B is incorrect because the scoop stretcher may not provide adequate immobilization for thoracic spine injuries due to its limitations in maintaining proper spinal alignment. Choice C is incorrect as spinal cord injuries below T10 can affect bowel and bladder function due to the involvement of the sacral segments. Choice D is incorrect because hyperflexion fractures in the upper thoracic spine are generally considered stable, not inherently unstable.
What is transcultural nursing?
- A. The study of various cultures with the goal of providing care specific to each
- B. Nursing that involves traveling to different countries
- C. Providing care to residents who are transgender
- D. Nursing that involves a team approach to care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transcultural nursing is the study of various cultures to provide culturally competent care. Choice A is correct as it highlights the focus on understanding different cultures to tailor care. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on travel rather than cultural understanding. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains to a specific population, not all cultures. Choice D is incorrect as it does not specifically address the importance of cultural competence in nursing care.