Nokea
The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
- A. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life
- B. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
- C. Male, even-tempered, history of previous injuries
- D. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A male child with a high activity level and a stressful home life has multiple risk factors for childhood injuries, requiring closer supervision and preventive measures.
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The nurse is reviewing the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators for a child health promotion program. Which are included in the leading health indicators? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Decrease tobacco use
- B. Improve immunization rates
- C. All are applicable
- D. Increase access to health care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 focuses on decreasing tobacco use, improving immunization rates, and increasing access to healthcare among its leading health indicators.
The school nurse is explaining to older school children that obesity increases the risk for which disorders? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Asthma
- B. Hypertension
- C. Dyslipidemia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity increases the risk for conditions like asthma, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and altered glucose metabolism, but not typically irritable bowel disease.
What information does the nurse include when teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children?
- A. May reduce pain perception.
- B. Make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary.
- C. Usually take too long to implement.
- D. Trick children into believing they do not have pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'May reduce pain perception.' When teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children, the nurse should include information that these techniques may help reduce pain perception, make the pain more tolerable, decrease anxiety, and enhance the effectiveness of analgesics. It is important to note that nonpharmacologic techniques should be learned before the pain occurs, and it is beneficial to use both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures for pain control. Choice B is incorrect because nonpharmacologic strategies do not make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary but rather complement them. Choice C is incorrect as nonpharmacologic techniques, when properly learned and applied, do not usually take too long to implement. Choice D is incorrect as the goal of nonpharmacologic strategies is not to trick children into believing they do not have pain, but to help them cope with and manage their pain effectively.
Which should the nurse teach to parents regarding oral health of children? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fluoridated water should be used.
- B. Early childhood caries is a preventable disease
- C. All options are correct
- D. Dental hygiene should begin with the first tooth eruption
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluoridated water helps prevent caries, early childhood caries is preventable, and dental hygiene should start with the first tooth eruption.
Why is it difficult to assess a child's dietary intake?
- A. No systematic assessment tool has been developed
- B. Biochemical analysis for assessing nutrition is expensive
- C. Families usually do not understand much about nutrition
- D. Recall of food consumption is frequently unreliable
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Recall of food intake, especially amounts eaten, is often unreliable. While systematic tools like the 24-hour recall and dietary history questionnaires exist, recall can still be challenging in accurately assessing a child's dietary intake. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because systematic assessment tools do exist, biochemical analysis is not the primary method for dietary assessment, and families' understanding of nutrition may vary but is not the main reason for the difficulty in assessing a child's dietary intake.