Nokea
The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?
- A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
- B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
- C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
- D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Sentrong Sigla Movement's primary approach is certifying health centers meeting DOH standards. This certification ensures that health centers provide quality services. A is incorrect because the movement is led by DOH only. B is incorrect as it focuses on improving services rather than securing funding. C is incorrect as the movement emphasizes overall health service quality, not just disease prevention. In summary, D is correct as it aligns with the movement's core objective, while the other options do not accurately represent its purpose.
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Which biological used in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer?
- A. DPT
- B. OPV
- C. Hepatitis B vaccine
- D. Measles vaccine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: OPV. The oral polio vaccine (OPV) used in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer to maintain its potency. OPV is a live vaccine that requires cold storage to prevent the virus from becoming inactive. DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, and Measles vaccine are typically stored in the refrigerator, not the freezer, as they are either killed or attenuated vaccines that remain stable at higher temperatures. Therefore, the need for freezer storage specifically points to OPV as the correct answer.
To monitor clients registered in long-term regimens, such as Multi-Drug Therapy, which component will be most useful?
- A. Tally report
- B. Output report
- C. Target/client list
- D. Individual health record
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Target/client list is most useful as it provides a comprehensive list of clients in long-term regimens.
Step 2: It allows for easy monitoring of individual progress and adherence to treatment plans.
Step 3: Tally report (A) only provides a count, lacking specific client information.
Step 4: Output report (B) may not include all necessary client details.
Step 5: Individual health record (D) is specific to one client, not ideal for overall monitoring.
What is the primary purpose of providing iron supplementation to pregnant women?
- A. To prevent anemia
- B. To support fetal growth
- C. To reduce the risk of premature labor
- D. To decrease the likelihood of postpartum hemorrhage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To prevent anemia. Iron supplementation in pregnant women is primarily aimed at preventing iron-deficiency anemia, a common condition during pregnancy due to increased demand for iron. Anemia can lead to complications for both the mother and the fetus, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. Providing iron helps maintain adequate hemoglobin levels for optimal oxygen transport.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Supporting fetal growth is an important aspect of prenatal care, but iron supplementation specifically targets preventing anemia.
C: While iron deficiency may contribute to premature labor, the primary purpose of iron supplementation is to prevent anemia.
D: Postpartum hemorrhage risk is more related to factors such as uterine atony and trauma during childbirth, not directly impacted by iron supplementation.
Which of the following diseases is prevented by administration of the Hepatitis B vaccine?
- A. Jaundice
- B. Liver cancer
- C. Pneumonia
- D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine prevents Hepatitis B infection, which is a major cause of chronic liver disease and can lead to liver cancer. Jaundice (choice A) is a symptom of Hepatitis B infection, not a disease prevented by the vaccine. Pneumonia (choice C) and Tuberculosis (choice D) are both respiratory infections and are not prevented by the Hepatitis B vaccine. The key is to understand the specific disease targeted by the vaccine and its related health outcomes.
In calculating the crude death rate of your municipality, with a total population of about 18,000 last year, there were 94 deaths. Among the deceased, 20 died due to heart diseases, and 32 were aged 50 years or older. What is the crude death rate?
- A. 4.1/1000
- B. 5.2/1000
- C. 6.3/1000
- D. 7.3/1000
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the crude death rate, divide the total number of deaths by the total population and then multiply by 1000. In this case, 94 deaths out of 18,000 population is (94/18000)*1000 = 5.2/1000. This is the correct answer (B). Choice A (4.1/1000) is incorrect as it underestimates the death rate. Choice C (6.3/1000) and D (7.3/1000) are both overestimations of the death rate based on the given data.