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The son of a 78-year-old client with metastatic prostate cancer is asking the nurse about the purpose of hospice care. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes hospice care?
- A. Hospice care uses a team approach to direct hospice activity.
- B. Clients and their families are the focus of care.
- C. The client's physician coordinates all the care.
- D. All hospice clients will die at home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hospice care focuses on the client and family, providing holistic support to enhance quality of life and comfort during the end-of-life phase.
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The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following images represent the visual field of a client with macular degeneration?
- A. Qstn 14-A Visual.png
- B. Qstn 14-B Visual.png
- C. Qstn 14-C Visual.png
- D. Qstn 14-D Visual.png
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Macular degeneration causes central vision loss, so the image would show a blurred or dark central area with intact peripheral vision. Specific image selection is not applicable here due to lack of image options.
A client with a suspected diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease is to have a lymph node biopsy. Which action is correct for handling the lymph node biopsy specimen for histologic examination for this client?
- A. Maintain sterile technique.
- B. Use a mask, gloves, and a gown when assisting with the procedure.
- C. Place the specimen in a container and send it to the laboratory when someone is available to take it.
- D. Call for a laboratory technician to assist the physician.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lymph node biopsy specimen should be placed in a container and sent to the laboratory promptly to preserve tissue integrity for histologic examination. Sterile technique is maintained during the procedure, not for handling afterward, and masks/gowns or technician assistance are not required for transport.
After surgery for bilateral adrenalectomy, the client is kept on bed rest for several days to stabilize the body's need for steroids postoperatively. Which of the following exercises will be most effective for preparing a client for ambulation after a period of bed rest?
- A. Alternately flexing and extending the knees.
- B. Alternately abducting and adducting the legs.
- C. Alternately stretching the Achilles tendons.
- D. Alternately flexing and relaxing the quadriceps femoris muscles.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Knee flexion and extension strengthen leg muscles, preparing the client for ambulation after bed rest.
What is the nurse's best response to a client with MS experiencing fatigue?
- A. Limit all activities.
- B. Schedule rest periods.
- C. Increase fluid intake.
- D. Avoid all exercise.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scheduling rest periods helps manage fatigue while supporting activity in multiple sclerosis.
During the early phase of burn care the nurse should assess the client for?
- A. Hypernatremia.
- B. Hypomatremia.
- C. Metabolic alkalosis.
- D. Hyperkalemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the early phase, cell damage from burns releases potassium, causing hyperkalemia. Sodium levels typically decrease (hyponatremia), and metabolic acidosis is more common due to tissue hypoxia.