Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry 12th Edition Test Bank

Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry 12th Edition Test Bank Related

Review Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry 12th Edition Test Bank related questions and content

The spouse of a patient recently diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer's disease asks, "Is there anything I can do to help delay the progression of this disease?" Which strategy has the greatest potential for preserving the protective abilities of immune cells related to the disease?

  • A. Minimize contact with the public during cold and flu season.
  • B. Enroll the patient in an exercise program that meets regularly.
  • C. Provide supplements to enhance the patient’s immune system.
  • D. Identify creative ways to keep the patient mentally challenged.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Enroll the patient in an exercise program that meets regularly. Regular exercise has been shown to have numerous benefits for brain health, including improving cognitive function and reducing the risk of cognitive decline. Exercise also helps in maintaining a healthy immune system by promoting the circulation of immune cells throughout the body. This can help support the protective abilities of immune cells related to Alzheimer's disease.

Minimizing contact with the public during cold and flu season (Choice A) may reduce the risk of infections but does not directly address immune cell function. Providing supplements to enhance the patient's immune system (Choice C) may not be supported by scientific evidence and can potentially have adverse effects. Identifying creative ways to keep the patient mentally challenged (Choice D) is beneficial for cognitive health but does not directly target immune cell function as effectively as regular exercise.

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When asked, the nurse explains that “grief work” refers to:

  • A. Establishing new methods of coping with stress
  • B. Evaluating progress made toward accepting the loss
  • C. The means by which one moves through the grief process
  • D. Actively seeking assistance to cope with the loss.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because "grief work" refers to the psychological process of actively working through and resolving the emotions and thoughts associated with a loss. This involves facing and processing the feelings of grief rather than avoiding them, ultimately leading to acceptance and healing. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on coping with stress, not specifically grief. Choice B is incorrect as it emphasizes evaluating progress rather than the process of grieving itself. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to seeking assistance, which is a part of coping but not the definition of grief work.

To effectively plan care for a patient, the nurse will understand that activity and adjunct therapies may be more useful in some situations than verbal therapies because adjunct therapies: a. Are readily available in the treatment setting

  • A. Do not require specific training or expertise to facilitate
  • B. Allow the patient to express feelings on multiple levels at the same time
  • C. Provide the patient the opportunity to use ego-protective mechanisms
  • D. Are readily available in the treatment setting
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because adjunct therapies provide the patient with the opportunity to use ego-protective mechanisms, such as denial or displacement, which can help them cope with difficult emotions or situations more effectively. This is important in situations where verbal therapies may not be as effective in reaching the patient's underlying emotional needs.

Choice A is incorrect because adjunct therapies may require specific training or expertise to facilitate effectively. Choice B is incorrect because while adjunct therapies can allow for expression of feelings, they do not necessarily do so on multiple levels simultaneously. Choice D is also incorrect because the availability of adjunct therapies in the treatment setting does not necessarily make them more useful than verbal therapies.

Which remark by one of the grief support group members would the nurse interpret as indicating unresolved feelings of guilt?

  • A. The Christmas season is always a sad time for me.
  • B. I know that my husband had a good life.
  • C. It seems I miss my son more as time goes on.
  • D. I am still wishing I had gotten help to him sooner.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because expressing a wish for getting help sooner implies a sense of responsibility and guilt for not doing so. This indicates unresolved feelings of guilt. Choice A refers to sadness during a specific time of the year, not guilt. Choice B reflects acceptance and closure. Choice C indicates a natural progression of grief, not necessarily guilt.

A 79-year-old white male tells a nurse, “I have felt very sad lately. I do not have much to live for. My family and friends are all dead, and my own health is failing.” The nurse should analyze this comment as:

  • A. Normal pessimism of the elderly.
  • B. A call for sympathy
  • C. Evidence of risks for suicide.
  • D. Normal grieving.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Evidence of risks for suicide. The statement contains indicators such as feeling very sad, lack of purpose, isolation, and declining health, which are red flags for suicide risk in older adults. It is crucial for healthcare providers to assess and intervene promptly in such cases to prevent harm. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not address the seriousness of the situation or the potential risk for self-harm.

A health care provider writes these new prescriptions for a resident in a skilled nursing facility: 2 G sodium diet, Restraint as needed, Limit fluids to 1800 mL daily, Continue antihypertensive medication, Milk of magnesia 30 mL PO once if no bowel movement for 3 days. The nurse should:

  • A. Question the fluid restriction.
  • B. Question the order for restraint.
  • C. Transcribe the prescriptions as written.
  • D. Assess the resident’s bowel elimination
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Fluid restriction of 1800 mL may not be appropriate for all residents in a skilled nursing facility. Step 2: Excessive fluid restriction can lead to dehydration, especially in elderly residents. Step 3: It is crucial for the nurse to question the fluid restriction to ensure it is safe for the resident. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Summary:
- Option A is correct as questioning the fluid restriction is essential for the resident's safety.
- Option B is incorrect as restraining a resident should only be used as a last resort and should be questioned if not necessary.
- Option C is incorrect as blindly transcribing without assessing appropriateness can be harmful.
- Option D is incorrect as assessing bowel elimination is important but addressing the fluid restriction is more urgent in this scenario.

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