Nokea
The student nurses are learning to weigh patients and do vital signs. Weighing a client is a nursing intervention that is most important for what?
- A. Dosage calculation
- B. Assessing changes in fluid balance
- C. Assessing changes in nutritional status
- D. Caloric needs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weighing assesses fluid balance changes, vital for adjusting drugs like diuretics in conditions such as CHF.
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A patient who takes an oral sulfonylurea medication will begin taking fluconazole (Diflucan). The nurse will expect to monitor which lab values in this patient?
- A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
- B. Electrolytes
- C. Fluconazole levels
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluconazole inhibits CYP450, increasing sulfonylurea levels and hypoglycemia risk; glucose monitoring is key. Patients taking sulfonylurea drugs may have altered serum glucose when taking antifungal medications.
The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who will be receiving asparaginase (Elspar), an antineoplastic agent. The nurse consults with the registered nurse regarding the administration of the medication if which of the following is documented in the client's history?
- A. Pancreatitis
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Myocardial infarction
- D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asparaginase (Elspar) is contraindicated if hypersensitivity exists, in pancreatitis, or if the client has a history of pancreatitis. The medication impairs pancreatic function and pancreatic function tests should be performed before therapy begins and when a week or more has elapsed between administration of the doses. The client needs to be monitored for signs of pancreatitis, which include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The conditions noted in options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with this medication.
The following drug is used for diabetic coma:
- A. Glibenclamid
- B. Long acting insulin preparations
- C. The rapid and intermediate acting insulin preparations
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid and intermediate-acting insulins are used to quickly correct hyperglycemia in diabetic coma.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Amitriptyline for treatment of depression. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hr.
- B. Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Decrease injury from the first dose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Slow position changes prevent dizziness, and chewing gum relieves dry mouth, common with tricyclics like amitriptyline.
When prescribing Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) to adults with ADHD the nurse practitioner will need to monitor:
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Blood glucose levels
- C. Urine ketone levels
- D. Liver function
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adderall increases blood pressure, requiring monitoring.