Nokea
The United States ranks poorly in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?
- A. Providing more women's shelters
- B. Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care
- C. Resolving all language and cultural differences
- D. Enrolling pregnant women in the Medicaid program by their eighth month of pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early and adequate prenatal care is critical to reducing infant mortality by addressing complications early.
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The nurse assesses a client admitted to the labor and delivery unit and obtains the following data: dark red vaginal bleeding, uterus slightly tense between contractions, BP 110/68, FHR 110 beats/minute, cervix 1 cm dilated and uneffaced. Based on these assessment findings, what intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Insert an internal fetal monitor
- B. Assess for cervical changes q1h
- C. Monitor bleeding from IV sites
- D. Perform Leopold's maneuvers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring bleeding from peripheral sites (C) is the priority intervention. This client is presenting with signs of placental abruption. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complication of placental abruption, characterized by abnormal bleeding.
The home health nurse visits a client who delivered a full-term baby three days ago. The mother reports that the infant is waking up every 2 hours to bottle feed. The nurse notes white, curl-like patches on the newborns oral mucous membranes. What action should the nurse implement?
- A. Discuss the need for medication to treat curl-like oral patches
- B. Suggest switching the infant's formula
- C. Assess the baby's blood glucose level
- D. Remind mother not put the baby to bed with a propped bottle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: White patches suggest thrush, which requires antifungal treatment (A).
A newborn infant is receiving immunization prior discharge. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Give the first dose of the vaccine for rotavirus if any have diarrhea now.
- B. Obtain signed consent from the mother for administration of hepatitis B vaccine
- C. Prepare the first dose for DTaP
- D. Ask the mother if she wants the infant immunized for
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is routinely given at birth, and consent is required (B).
A client at 32-weeks gestation is admitted to the labor and delivery unit with complaints of severe headache, visual disturbances, and epigastric pain. The client's blood pressure is 150/100 mm Hg. What condition should the nurse suspect?
- A. Gestational hypertension.
- B. Preeclampsia.
- C. Eclampsia.
- D. Chronic hypertension.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and symptoms such as headache, visual disturbances, and epigastric pain.
Which guidance related to a healthy diet during pregnancy will the nurse provide to a patient in her 1st trimester?
- A. Every day you need to have at least 6 ounces of protein from sources such as meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, soybean products, and tofu.'
- B. High-dose vitamin A supplements will promote optimal vision while preventing a common cause of blindness in neonates.'
- C. Meals such as sushi with a cold deli salad made with raw sprouts combine high-fiber foods with protein sources to meet multiple nutritional needs.'
- D. Vitamin and mineral supplements can meet your nutrient needs if you have inadequate intake because of nausea or a sensation of fullness.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: During pregnancy, protein is essential for the growth and development of the fetus, making option A correct.
Step 2: The other options are incorrect due to potential risks. High-dose vitamin A (Option B) can be harmful to the fetus.
Step 3: Consuming raw sprouts (Option C) poses a risk of foodborne illness, which can be dangerous during pregnancy.
Step 4: Relying solely on supplements (Option D) is not recommended as they may not provide all the necessary nutrients found in whole foods.
In summary, option A is correct as it emphasizes the importance of protein intake during pregnancy, while the other options pose potential risks or limitations in meeting nutritional needs.