Nokea
The use of herbs has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today's health care milieu. During which other historical periods did health practices focus on the use of herbs?
- A. Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages
- B. Civil War period and World War I
- C. Renaissance and Reformation periods and the Colonial American period
- D. Crimean War and Civil War periods
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages. In prehistoric times, herbs were used as the primary form of medicine. During the Middle Ages, herbal medicine continued to be prevalent due to limited medical knowledge. Other choices are incorrect because B, C, and D do not align with historical periods where herbal medicine was a dominant health practice.
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A manager just finished the last annual performance review of the staff, reviews the unexpected expenditures for the month due to use of agency nurses, and shares the latest quality indicators with the staff nurses. This manager is performing which management function?
- A. Directing
- B. Planning
- C. Organizing
- D. Controlling
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Controlling. Controlling involves monitoring performance, comparing it to objectives, and taking corrective actions. In this scenario, the manager is reviewing unexpected expenditures and quality indicators to ensure they align with goals and standards. Directing focuses on guiding and motivating employees. Planning involves setting goals and determining actions to achieve them. Organizing involves arranging resources and tasks.
A nurse who is licensed in Georgia and moves to Oregon:
- A. must check Oregon's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement.
- B. will automatically be grandfathered in as a licensed registered nurse.
- C. may request certification in Oregon rather than licensure, so as not to have to retake the NCLEX-RN®.
- D. should contact the American Nurses Credentialing Center to determine whether he or she is eligible to practice in an another state.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because when a nurse moves to a new state, they must check the new state's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement. This is important to ensure the nurse meets all requirements and regulations for practicing in the new state. Option B is incorrect as licensure is not automatically transferred. Option C is incorrect as certification is different from licensure, and the NCLEX-RN® is typically required for licensure. Option D is incorrect as the American Nurses Credentialing Center is not responsible for determining state licensure eligibility. Checking the new state's nurse practice act is the standard procedure for obtaining licensure endorsement.
What is the best way for the individual nurse to maintain the most effective professional image?
- A. Change out of their work attire before running errands.
- B. Renew membership in a nursing organization.
- C. Earning an advanced nursing degree.
- D. Developing effective nurse-physician relationships.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Change out of their work attire before running errands. This is because maintaining a professional image involves setting clear boundaries between work and personal life. By changing out of work attire before running errands, the nurse avoids potential misconceptions or misunderstandings from the public.
Choice B (Renew membership in a nursing organization) is not directly related to maintaining a professional image, although it is important for professional development. Choice C (Earning an advanced nursing degree) may enhance professional qualifications but does not directly impact the nurse's image. Choice D (Developing effective nurse-physician relationships) is important for teamwork but does not specifically address individual professional image.
A new trend in nursing education that is consistent with real-world practice is focused on:
- A. outcomes.
- B. objectives.
- C. goals.
- D. subjective appraisals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: outcomes. Nursing education focused on outcomes aligns with real-world practice by emphasizing measurable results and the impact of nursing interventions on patient care. Objectives (B) are specific steps to achieve outcomes, while goals (C) are broader aims. Subjective appraisals (D) lack the objective, evidence-based focus required in nursing education. Therefore, focusing on outcomes ensures that nursing students are prepared for the demands of real-world practice.
"A patient with end-stage renal disease has a potassium level of 5 mEq/L. Based on this laboratory result, the nurse interprets which symptom as significant prompting which action?
- A. Drowsiness, stimulate the patient every 30 minutes
- B. Confusion, ask the patient to state their name and date of birth
- C. Irregular heartbeat, evaluate the patient's capillary refill
- D. Muscle cramps, elevate the affected limb"
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: Irregular heartbeat is a significant symptom of hyperkalemia, which can be life-threatening. The nurse should evaluate capillary refill to assess perfusion. High potassium levels can affect cardiac function, leading to arrhythmias. Monitoring capillary refill provides insight into tissue perfusion, helping to assess the severity of the condition and guide appropriate interventions.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Drowsiness is not a typical symptom of hyperkalemia. Stimulating the patient every 30 minutes does not address the underlying issue.
B: Confusion is not a common symptom of hyperkalemia. Asking the patient to state their name and birthdate does not address the cardiac implications of high potassium levels.
D: Muscle cramps may occur with hyperkalemia but are not as critical as irregular heartbeat. Elevating the affected limb is not the priority in this situation.