Nokea
The vessels comprising the umbilical cord are cushioned and protected by a substance called _____________ _____________.
- A. Wharton’s jelly
- B. Endoderm
- C. jelly
- D. haploid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wharton’s jelly is a gelatinous substance surrounding the blood vessels in the umbilical cord. It cushions and protects the vessels from compression and damage during pregnancy.
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Which feature would be absent in a 41-week gestation fetus?
- A. Fingernails
- B. Eyelashes
- C. Lanugo
- D. Milia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lanugo, the fine hair covering the fetus, typically sheds before term, making it absent in a 41-week gestation fetus.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 22 weeks gestation and is concerned about her weight gain. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I should aim to gain 1 to 2 pounds per week during my pregnancy.
- B. I will avoid eating extra food to prevent excessive weight gain.
- C. I can eat for two during my pregnancy to ensure the baby's growth.
- D. I will maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly to support my pregnancy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - "I can eat for two during my pregnancy to ensure the baby's growth."
Rationale:
1. Eating for two is a common misconception; the pregnant woman only needs an additional 300-500 calories per day.
2. Overeating can lead to excessive weight gain which may pose risks to both the mother and the baby.
3. The statement does not reflect an accurate understanding of healthy nutrition during pregnancy.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Choosing to gain 1 to 2 pounds per week aligns with healthy weight gain during pregnancy.
B: Avoiding excessive food intake is an appropriate strategy to prevent excessive weight gain.
D: Maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise are essential for supporting a healthy pregnancy.
A nurse is caring for a postpartum person who is at risk for uterine atony. What is the most important intervention to prevent uterine atony?
- A. administer uterotonic medications
- B. perform fundal massage
- C. perform a vaginal exam
- D. monitor vital signs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: perform fundal massage. Fundal massage helps stimulate uterine contractions and prevents uterine atony by promoting uterine firmness and reducing the risk of excessive bleeding. It is a non-invasive intervention that can be done immediately after delivery to prevent postpartum hemorrhage. Administering uterotonic medications (Choice A) may be necessary in severe cases but fundal massage is the initial intervention. Performing a vaginal exam (Choice C) is not indicated unless there are specific concerns or indications. Monitoring vital signs (Choice D) is important but addressing uterine atony requires more direct intervention like fundal massage.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation who reports sudden, severe headache and blurred vision. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer pain medication as prescribed to relieve the headache.
- B. Monitor the patient's blood pressure and check for signs of preeclampsia.
- C. Encourage the patient to rest and drink plenty of fluids.
- D. Schedule a follow-up appointment with the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because sudden severe headache and blurred vision in a pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation are potential signs of preeclampsia, a serious condition that can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring the patient's blood pressure and checking for signs of preeclampsia is crucial for early detection and timely intervention. Administering pain medication (choice A) may mask symptoms and delay appropriate treatment. Encouraging rest and fluids (choice C) may not address the underlying cause of the symptoms. Scheduling a follow-up appointment (choice D) may delay necessary immediate actions to address potential preeclampsia.
Which statement about fetal circulation is correct?
- A. The foramen ovale is between ventricles
- B. Umbilical vein contains oxygen-poor blood
- C. Right atrium contains mixed blood
- D. Ductus venosus lies between aorta and pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The right atrium contains both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood due to the unique fetal circulatory system.