Age Specific Patient Care Quizlet

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The wife of a client who is being seen in the sleep clinic states that her husband snores terribly at night and that she has to shake him to get him to stop. The client complains of a headache upon wakening and often falls asleep during the day when he sits for long periods. This client is exhibiting signs and symptoms characteristic of:

  • A. narcolepsy.
  • B. parasomnia.
  • C. sleep apnea.
  • D. primary hypersomnia.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: sleep apnea. The client's symptoms of loud snoring, need to be shaken to stop snoring, morning headache, daytime sleepiness, and falling asleep during the day are all classic signs of sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breathing during sleep, leading to poor sleep quality and daytime symptoms. Narcolepsy (choice A) involves excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden muscle weakness, which are not mentioned here. Parasomnia (choice B) refers to abnormal behaviors during sleep, such as sleepwalking or night terrors, which are not described in the scenario. Primary hypersomnia (choice D) is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness without a clear cause, which is not consistent with the client's symptoms.

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Which intervention would be appropriate for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping as evidenced by manipulation of others?

  • A. Refer patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse.
  • B. Provide negative reinforcement for any acting-out behavior.
  • C. Ignore rather than confront inappropriate interpersonal behavior.
  • D. Encourage the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because referring patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse promotes patient independence and helps establish boundaries. This intervention empowers the patient to take responsibility for their care and reduces the reliance on manipulation of others.

Choice B is incorrect because negative reinforcement may exacerbate the behavior and lead to further manipulation.

Choice C is incorrect because ignoring inappropriate behavior does not address the underlying issue of ineffective coping and may reinforce the behavior.

Choice D is incorrect because encouraging the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority may be helpful, but it does not directly address the manipulation of others, which is the main concern in this nursing diagnosis.

Based on a recent paper by Chodavadia et al (refer to Unit 2 reference 5), the rates of symptoms of depression and anxiety amongst youth in Singapore are:

  • A. 27%
  • B. 7%
  • C. 1%
  • D. 16%
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chodavadia et al. (hypothetical reference) likely aligns with regional studies showing high mental health symptom rates; 27% is consistent with Singapore youth mental health surveys (e.g., SMHS).

A client with dementia is unable to name ordinary objects. Instead, he describes the function of each item (e.g., 'the thing you cut meat with'). The nurse should assess this as:

  • A. Apraxia
  • B. Agnosia
  • C. Aphasia
  • D. Amnesia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agnosia. Agnosia is the inability to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function. In this case, the client can describe the function of objects but cannot name them, indicating a deficit in object recognition. Apraxia (choice A) is the inability to perform learned movements, aphasia (choice C) is a language impairment, and amnesia (choice D) is memory loss, none of which fully explain the client's presentation.

The nurse at the clinic is interviewing a patient who offers a number of vague somatic complaints that might not ordinarily prompt a visit to a caregiver: fatigue, back pain, and seems tense. After having spoken of the symptoms, the nurse can best serve the patient by:

  • A. Asking if the patient has ever had psychiatric counseling.
  • B. Completing a structured abuse assessment protocol.
  • C. Suggesting the patient take a break from work.
  • D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Completing a structured abuse assessment protocol. In this scenario, the patient presents with vague somatic complaints that could potentially be indicative of underlying abuse. By completing an abuse assessment protocol, the nurse can uncover any possible abuse the patient may be experiencing, which could be the root cause of their symptoms. This approach is crucial in ensuring the patient's safety and well-being.

Choice A is incorrect because assuming the symptoms are solely related to psychiatric issues without exploring other potential causes can lead to overlooking important factors. Choice C is incorrect as suggesting a break from work may not address the underlying issue and could potentially worsen the patient's situation. Choice D is incorrect as taking no action could result in the patient's condition worsening without proper intervention.

What is a common consequence of long-term purging in patients with bulimia nervosa?

  • A. Improved digestive health and better nutrient absorption.
  • B. Increased risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
  • C. Improved self-esteem and body image.
  • D. Decreased risk of cardiovascular problems and hypertension.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because long-term purging in patients with bulimia nervosa can lead to increased risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Purging behaviors such as vomiting or laxative abuse can disrupt the body's fluid and electrolyte balance, potentially causing dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. These imbalances can have serious health consequences, including cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and kidney damage.

Incorrect choices:
A: Improved digestive health and better nutrient absorption - Purging does not improve digestive health or nutrient absorption; rather, it can lead to nutrient deficiencies.
C: Improved self-esteem and body image - Purging behaviors are harmful and do not lead to improved self-esteem or body image.
D: Decreased risk of cardiovascular problems and hypertension - Purging behaviors can actually increase the risk of cardiovascular problems due to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.

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