Nokea
The woman's partner is lightly stroking her abdomen as an alternative to medication for pain relief in labor. What is this known as?
- A. Counterpressure
- B. Effieurage
- C. Guided imagery
- D. Biofeedback
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Counterpressure. This technique involves applying pressure to specific areas to alleviate pain during labor. In this scenario, the partner is using light strokes on the woman's abdomen to provide pain relief. Counterpressure helps release endorphins, which are natural painkillers, and distracts the brain from focusing on the pain sensations. Effleurage (B) is a gentle stroking technique used for relaxation, not specifically for pain relief. Guided imagery (C) involves visualizing calming scenes to reduce stress, not directly addressing pain. Biofeedback (D) is a method of monitoring and controlling physiological responses, not a hands-on pain relief technique like counterpressure.
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A 36-week pregnant woman is admitted with ruptured membranes and a positive test for Group B Streptococcus (GBS). What is the appropriate nursing action?
- A. Start prophylactic antibiotics for the patient
- B. Perform a cesarean section
- C. Administer IV fluids
- D. Provide patient education on labor progression
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Start prophylactic antibiotics for the patient. In this scenario, the woman is at risk for ascending infection due to ruptured membranes and positive GBS test. Prophylactic antibiotics are necessary to prevent neonatal GBS sepsis. Performing a cesarean section is not indicated unless there are other obstetric indications. Administering IV fluids is important but not the priority in this case. Patient education on labor progression is not the immediate concern when the woman is at risk for infection.
A pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation reports feeling short of breath when lying flat. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer oxygen and prepare the patient for delivery.
- B. Encourage the patient to sit up and rest in a more upright position.
- C. Ask the patient to perform deep breathing exercises to improve oxygen flow.
- D. Instruct the patient to take shallow breaths and avoid exertion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because positioning the pregnant patient in a more upright position can help alleviate the shortness of breath by allowing the diaphragm to move more freely, reducing pressure on the lungs, and improving oxygenation. This action promotes optimal oxygen flow and comfort for the patient.
A: Administering oxygen and preparing for delivery may be necessary in some cases but does not address the immediate need to alleviate shortness of breath caused by the supine position.
C: Deep breathing exercises may not be effective in relieving shortness of breath caused by the supine position and may even exacerbate the discomfort.
D: Instructing the patient to take shallow breaths and avoid exertion does not address the underlying cause of shortness of breath and may not provide adequate relief.
What complication is associated with pica during pregnancy?
- A. Hypothyroidism
- B. Iron-deficiency anemia
- C. Hypercalcemia
- D. Overexposure to zinc
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pica often leads to nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron-deficiency anemia, due to the ingestion of non-food substances.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is 32 weeks pregnant and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Gestational diabetes is usually temporary and will resolve after delivery.
- B. Gestational diabetes increases the risk of the baby developing diabetes later in life.
- C. You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet.
- D. Gestational diabetes is rare and typically does not require treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet." This is the most appropriate statement because managing gestational diabetes through lifestyle modifications like regular exercise and a healthy diet is a key component of treatment. By controlling blood sugar levels through these methods, complications for both the mother and baby can be reduced.
Choice A is incorrect because gestational diabetes may not always resolve after delivery and can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. Choice B is incorrect as it confuses the risk of the baby developing diabetes with the mother's condition. Choice D is incorrect as gestational diabetes is not rare and requires monitoring and sometimes treatment to manage effectively.
A woman in labor begins to experience a sudden increase in vaginal bleeding and the fetal heart rate decelerates. What is the likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Placenta previa
- B. Placental abruption
- C. Uterine rupture
- D. Cervical laceration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Placental abruption. Placental abruption is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, leading to vaginal bleeding and fetal distress. The sudden increase in bleeding and fetal heart rate deceleration are hallmark signs of placental abruption. Placenta previa (choice A) involves bleeding without fetal distress. Uterine rupture (choice C) typically presents with severe abdominal pain and shock. Cervical laceration (choice D) would not cause fetal heart rate deceleration.