Nokea
To improve overall health, the nurse should place highest priority on assisting a client to make lifestyle changes for which of the following habits?
- A. Drinking a six-pack of beer each day
- B. Eating an occasional chocolate bar
- C. Exercising twice a week
- D. Using relaxation exercises to deal with stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Daily heavy alcohol consumption poses significant health risks (liver disease, cardiovascular issues), making it the highest priority for lifestyle change.
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Broccoli, oranges, dark greens, and dark yellow vegetables can be eaten to:
- A. supplement vitamin pills.
- B. balance body molecules.
- C. cure many diseases.
- D. help improve body defenses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Controversy over what types of food to eat and not eat is still under investigation. Certain foods can help improve body defenses to possibly prevent certain diseases.
If your patient is acutely psychotic, which of the following independent nursing interventions would not be appropriate?
- A. Conveying calmness with one on one interaction
- B. Recognizing and dealing with your own feelings to prevent escalation of the patient's anxiety level
- C. Encourage client participation in group therapy
- D. Listen and identify causes of their behavior
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acutely psychotic patients will disrupt group activities.
Fat emulsions are frequently administered as a part of total parenteral nutrition. Which statement is true regarding fat emulsions?
- A. They have a high energy-to-fluid-volume ratio.
- B. Even though hypertonic, they are well tolerated.
- C. They are a basic solution secondary to the addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
- D. The pH is alkaline, making them compatible with most medications.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: They have a high energy-to-fluid-volume ratio. Fat emulsions are formulated in 10%, 20%, and 30% solutions and supply 1.1, 2, and 3 kilocalories respectively for each milliliter. A milliliter of 5% dextrose only supplies 0.17 kilocalories. Choices 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect because fat emulsions are essentially pH neutral and isotonic.
A mother has come to the pediatric clinic concerned about the recent outbreak of West Nile Virus. The ages of her children are 5, 7, and 10. The mother has asked the nurse what she can do to prevent her children from contracting this illness. Which piece of information is best to provide the mother with?
- A. The children should wear long sleeves and long pants while outside.
- B. Apply insect repellant containing DEET when the children are outside.
- C. Remove standing water from the property.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is recommended that the children wear insect repellant containing DEET and long-sleeve shirts and long pants when they are outside. Removing standing water can help decrease the number of breeding mosquitoes.
The teaching plan for a postpartum client who is about to be discharged should include which of the following instructions?
- A. It is normal for your breasts to be tender. You should call the physician if you also have redness and fatigue.
- B. Because your baby was delivered vaginally, you might have to urinate more frequently.
- C. It is normal to run a low-grade temperature for a few days. If it is higher than 100°F, call your physician.
- D. Be sure to call your physician if your vaginal discharge becomes bright red.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vaginal discharge after birth is called lochia, and it changes from red (rubra) to serosa (clear) on the third postpartum day. If it returns to red or contains clots, it could signal impending hemorrhage or infection and the physician should be notified.