Nokea
To meet the developmental needs of an 8-year-old child who is confined to home with osteomyelitis, what should the nurse include in the care plan?
- A. Encouraging the child to communicate with schoolmates.
- B. Encouraging the parents to stay with the child.
- C. Allowing siblings to visit freely throughout the day.
- D. Talking to the child about his interests twice daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging communication with schoolmates supports social development and reduces isolation during home confinement.
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Immediately on return to the nursing unit after surgical repair of a cleft palate, in which of the following positions should the nurse place the child?
- A. On the back with the head in a position of comfort.
- B. In low Fowler's position with the head turned to the side.
- C. Lying on the abdomen with the head turned to the side.
- D. In reverse Trendelenburg with the head tilted forward.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lying on the abdomen with the head turned to the side facilitates drainage and reduces the risk of aspiration post-surgery.
A toddler is brought to the emergency room after ingesting an undetermined amount of drain cleaner. The nurse should expect to assist with which of the following first?
- A. Administering an emetic.
- B. Performing a tracheostomy.
- C. Performing gastric lavage.
- D. Inserting an indwelling urinary (Foley) catheter.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastric lavage is the priority to remove the corrosive substance from the stomach, preventing further damage. Emetics are contraindicated for corrosives as they can worsen injury. Tracheostomy may be needed later for airway issues, and a urinary catheter is not relevant initially.
When developing the teaching plan for the mother of a 2-year-old child diagnosed with babies, which do not be the following points should the nurse expect to include?
- A. The floors of the house should be cleaned with a damp mop.
- B. The child should be held frequently.
- C. Itching should cease in a few days.
- D. The entire family should be treated.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The question likely refers to scabies (miswritten as 'babies'). Scabies requires treatment of all household members to prevent reinfestation. Damp mopping is less relevant, frequent holding may spread mites, and itching may persist post-treatment.
When preparing to obtain a neonatal screening test for phenylketonuria (PKU), the neonate must have received which of the following to ensure reliable results?
- A. A feeding of an iron-rich formula.
- B. Nothing by mouth for 4 hours before the test.
- C. Initial formula or breast milk at least 24 hours before the test.
- D. A feeding of glucose water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PKU screening requires protein intake (breast milk or formula) for 24 hours to detect elevated phenylalanine levels. Iron-rich formula, fasting, or glucose water are inadequate.
When teaching the parents of a child with a ventricular septal defect who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization, the nurse explains that this procedure involves the use of which of the following?
- A. Ultra-high-frequency sound waves.
- B. Catheter placed in the right femoral vein.
- C. Cutdown procedure to place a catheter.
- D. General anesthesia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac catheterization involves inserting a catheter, typically through the femoral vein, to assess heart structures. Ultra-high-frequency sound waves are used in echocardiography, a cutdown is not standard, and general anesthesia is not always required.