Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet

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To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in the uterus, nurses should be aware that:

  • A. lightening occurs near the end of the second trimester as the uterus rises into a different position.
  • B. the woman's increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is the result of exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening.
  • C. Braxton Hicks contractions become more painful in the third trimester,
    particularly if the woman tries to exercise
  • D. the uterine souffle is the movement of the fetus.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is due to exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening. This is because the growing uterus exerts pressure on the bladder, leading to the need for more frequent urination. This is a common physiological change in early pregnancy due to the hormonal effects on the pelvic floor muscles and bladder capacity.

A: Lightening typically occurs near the end of the third trimester, not the second trimester, as the baby drops lower into the pelvis in preparation for birth.
C: Braxton Hicks contractions are typically painless and irregular in the third trimester, not more painful. Pain with exercise could indicate preterm labor.
D: Uterine souffle refers to the sound of blood flow through the uterine arteries, not movement of the fetus.

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A client is 8 weeks pregnant and has been eating more times during the day but ingesting smaller amounts of food at each meal or snack. What is her most likely goal?

  • A. Weight loss
  • B. Managing waves of nausea
  • C. Preventing gastric reflux
  • D. Managing daytime fatigue
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Managing waves of nausea. During early pregnancy, many women experience nausea, and eating small, frequent meals can help manage this symptom. Eating smaller amounts of food at each meal or snack can help prevent overwhelming the stomach and minimize nausea. Weight loss is unlikely in early pregnancy, preventing gastric reflux is not typically a goal at 8 weeks, and managing daytime fatigue is not typically addressed by eating smaller, more frequent meals.

A woman's obstetric history indicates that she is pregnant for the fourth time and all of her children from previous pregnancies are living. One was born at 39 weeks of gestation, twins were born at 34 weeks of gestation, and another child was born at 35 weeks of gestation. What is her gravidity and parity using the GTPAL system?

  • A. 3-1-1-1-3
  • B. 4-1-2-0-4
  • C. 3-0-3-0-3
  • D. 4-2-1-0-3
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct calculation of this woman's gravidity and parity is 4-1-2-0-4. The numbers reflect the woman's gravidity and parity information.

The scrotum is:

  • A. A sac-like organ made of skin and muscles that houses the testes
  • B. The external urethral orifice located at the tip of the penis
  • C. The male gonads responsible for the production of sperm and testosterone
  • D. A walnut-sized exocrine gland that borders the inferior end of the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The scrotum is a pouch of skin and muscle that protects and regulates the temperature of the testes.

The uterus (also known as the womb) in the female reproductive system is located:

  • A. Posterior and superior to the urinary bladder
  • B. On the lateral side of the mammary glands
  • C. Posterior to the testes
  • D. Inferior to the vagina
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The uterus is anatomically located above and behind the urinary bladder in the pelvic cavity.

Jose's wife, Camilla, is 5 months pregnant and seems more interested in sex than during the first trimester. However, he has told her he is worried about having normal 'relations,' fearing it will hurt the baby. What information can the nurse provide to assist in their decision about sexual activity?

  • A. The baby is well protected and will not be injured during intercourse as long as the membranes remain intact and there are no symptoms of preterm labor.
  • B. Your husband is correct to be concerned. It would be best if you avoid female orgasm during intercourse.
  • C. Intercourse is okay, but avoid experimenting with different partner positions.
  • D. Enjoy intimate relations while you can. Things will change after the baby is born.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because it provides accurate information. Intercourse during pregnancy is generally safe as long as there are no complications, and the baby is well protected by the amniotic fluid and membranes.

Step 2: The membranes act as a barrier to protect the baby, and as long as there are no signs of preterm labor, intercourse should not harm the baby.

Step 3: Option B is incorrect because there is no evidence to support that female orgasm during intercourse could harm the baby. Option C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid experimenting with different positions unless advised by a healthcare provider. Option D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the situation and doesn't provide accurate information.

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