Nokea
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in their breasts, nurses should be aware that:
- A. the visibility of blood vessels that form an intertwining blue network indicates full function of Montgomery's tubercles and possibly infection of the tubercles
- B. the mammary glands do not develop until 2 weeks before labor
- C. lactation is inhibited until the estrogen level declines after birth
- D. colostrum is the yellowish oily substance used to lubricate the nipples for breastfeeding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lactation is inhibited during pregnancy due to high estrogen levels, which decline after birth, allowing lactation to begin. Colostrum is a nutrient-rich premilk fluid.
You may also like to solve these questions
Jose's wife, Camilla, is 5 months pregnant and seems more interested in sex than during the first trimester. However, he has told her he is worried about having normal 'relations,' fearing it will hurt the baby. What information can the nurse provide to assist in their decision about sexual activity?
- A. The baby is well protected and will not be injured during intercourse as long as the membranes remain intact and there are no symptoms of preterm labor.
- B. Your husband is correct to be concerned. It would be best if you avoid female orgasm during intercourse.
- C. Intercourse is okay, but avoid experimenting with different partner positions.
- D. Enjoy intimate relations while you can. Things will change after the baby is born.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because it provides accurate information. Intercourse during pregnancy is generally safe as long as there are no complications, and the baby is well protected by the amniotic fluid and membranes.
Step 2: The membranes act as a barrier to protect the baby, and as long as there are no signs of preterm labor, intercourse should not harm the baby.
Step 3: Option B is incorrect because there is no evidence to support that female orgasm during intercourse could harm the baby. Option C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid experimenting with different positions unless advised by a healthcare provider. Option D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the situation and doesn't provide accurate information.
The uterus (also known as the womb) in the female reproductive system is located:
- A. Posterior and superior to the urinary bladder
- B. On the lateral side of the mammary glands
- C. Posterior to the testes
- D. Inferior to the vagina
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The uterus is anatomically located above and behind the urinary bladder in the pelvic cavity.
The nurse caring for the pregnant patient must understand that the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy is:
- A. estrogen.
- B. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
- C. oxytocin.
- D. progesteron
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: progesterone. Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy as it helps in thickening the uterine lining to support implantation and fetal development. Estrogen (choice A) plays a role in preparing the uterus for implantation but is not the primary hormone for maintaining pregnancy. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (choice B) is produced by the placenta and helps in detecting pregnancy but does not maintain it. Oxytocin (choice C) is involved in labor and breastfeeding, not in maintaining pregnancy.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in their cardiovascular system, maternity nurses should be aware that:
- A. a pregnant woman experiencing disturbed cardiac rhythm, such as sinus arrhythmia requires close medical and obstetric observation, no matter how healthy she otherwise may appear.
- B. changes in heart size and position and increases in blood volume create auditory changes from 20 weeks to term.
- C. palpitations are twice as likely to occur in twin gestations.
- D. all of the above changes will likely occur.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Auscultatory changes should be discernible after 20 weeks of gestation.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in the uterus, nurses should be aware that:
- A. lightening occurs near the end of the second trimester as the uterus rises into a different position.
- B. the woman's increased urinary frequency in the first trimester is the result of exaggerated uterine anteflexion caused by softening.
- C. Braxton Hicks contractions become more painful in the third trimester, particularly if the woman tries to exercise.
- D. the uterine souffle is the movement of the fetus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The softening of the lower uterine segment is called Hegar's sign. Lightening occurs in the last 2 weeks of pregnancy, when the fetus descends.