Nokea
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about the functioning of their kidneys in eliminating waste products, maternity nurses should be aware that:
- A. increased urinary output makes pregnant women less susceptible to urinary infection
- B. increased bladder sensitivity and then compression of the bladder by the enlarging uterus results in the urge to urinate even if the bladder is almost empty
- C. renal (kidney) function is more efficient when the woman assumes a supine position
- D. using diuretics during pregnancy can help keep kidney function regular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bladder sensitivity and compression by the uterus cause frequent urination. Pregnant women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections, and lateral positions improve renal efficiency.
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The nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy. The woman demonstrates understanding of the nurse's instructions if she states that a positive sign of pregnancy is:
- A. a positive pregnancy test.
- B. fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife.
- C. Braxton Hicks contractions.
- D. quickening.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive signs of pregnancy are attributed to the presence of a fetus, such as hearing the fetal heartbeat or palpating fetal movement.
Jose's wife, Camilla, is 5 months pregnant and seems more interested in sex than during the first trimester. However, he has told her he is worried about having normal 'relations,' fearing it will hurt the baby. What information can the nurse provide to assist in their decision about sexual activity?
- A. The baby is well protected and will not be injured during intercourse as long as the membranes remain intact and there are no symptoms of preterm labor.
- B. Your husband is correct to be concerned. It would be best if you avoid female orgasm during intercourse.
- C. Intercourse is okay, but avoid experimenting with different partner positions.
- D. Enjoy intimate relations while you can. Things will change after the baby is born.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because it provides accurate information. Intercourse during pregnancy is generally safe as long as there are no complications, and the baby is well protected by the amniotic fluid and membranes.
Step 2: The membranes act as a barrier to protect the baby, and as long as there are no signs of preterm labor, intercourse should not harm the baby.
Step 3: Option B is incorrect because there is no evidence to support that female orgasm during intercourse could harm the baby. Option C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid experimenting with different positions unless advised by a healthcare provider. Option D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the situation and doesn't provide accurate information.
A 36-year-old divorcee with a successful modeling career finds out that her 18-year-old
daughter is expecting her first child. Which is a major factor in determining how this woman
will respond to becoming a grandmother?
- A. Her age
- B. Her career
- C. Being divorced
- D. Age of the daughter
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the age of the daughter. The major factor in how the woman will respond as a grandmother is the age of her daughter because it directly impacts the circumstances and challenges the daughter may face as a young mother. The woman's age (choice A) and career (choice B) may influence her perspective and ability to support her daughter, but the daughter's age is the primary determinant. Being divorced (choice C) may also play a role in the woman's response, but it is not as significant as the daughter's age in this scenario.
Which time-based description of a stage of development in pregnancy is accurate?
- A. Viability-22 to 37 weeks since the last menstrual period (LMP) (assuming a fetal weight >500 g).
- B. Full Term-Pregnancy from the beginning of week 39 of gestation to the end of week 40
- C. Preterm-Pregnancy from 20 to 28 weeks.
- D. Postdate-Pregnancy that extends beyond 38 weeks.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Full Term-Pregnancy from the beginning of week 39 of gestation to the end of week 40. This is accurate because full-term pregnancy typically ranges from 39 to 40 weeks of gestation, which is considered the optimal time for a baby to be born in terms of development and health. Viability (Choice A) refers to the ability of a fetus to survive outside the womb and typically occurs between 22 to 37 weeks. Preterm (Choice C) describes a pregnancy that occurs before 37 weeks. Postdate (Choice D) refers to a pregnancy that extends beyond 40 weeks. Therefore, Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the full-term stage of pregnancy.
A patient at 24 weeks of gestation contacts the nurse at her obstetric provider's office to complain that she has cravings for dirt and gravel. The nurse is aware that this condition is known as and may indicate anemia.
- A. ptyalism
- B. pyrosis
- C. pica
- D. decreased peristalsis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pica, the craving for nonfood substances, is often associated with iron deficiency anemia and should be evaluated.