Nokea
To supplement a diet with foods high in potassium, the nurse should recommend the addition of:
- A. Fruits such as bananas
- B. Milk and yogurt
- C. Green leafy vegetables
- D. Nuts and legumes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fruits such as bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, which is essential for various bodily functions like muscle contractions and maintaining fluid balance. Fruits are a natural source of potassium and are easily incorporated into the diet. Milk and yogurt (B) are good sources of calcium, not potassium. Green leafy vegetables (C) are nutritious but may not provide as much potassium as fruits. Nuts and legumes (D) are good sources of protein and healthy fats but are not as rich in potassium as fruits like bananas.
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During a routine checkup, the nurse assesses a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for signs and symptoms of cancer. What is the common AIDS-related cancer?
- A. Squamous cell carcinoma
- B. Leukemia
- C. Multiple myeloma
- D. Kaposi’s sarcoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi’s sarcoma. This is a common AIDS-related cancer caused by Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in immunosuppressed individuals. It presents as purplish lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. Squamous cell carcinoma (A) is not specific to AIDS. Leukemia (B) and Multiple myeloma (C) are not commonly associated with AIDS. Kaposi’s sarcoma is the hallmark cancer seen in AIDS patients due to their weakened immune system.
The following data collection findings could indicate to the nurse that the patient has a hearing loss, EXCEPT:
- A. Patient’s face is relaxed during conversation.
- B. Patient speaks in a very loud voice.
- C. Patient turns toward person speaking.
- D. Patient is withdrawn.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A relaxed face during conversation typically does not indicate a hearing loss, as the patient is likely able to hear and understand. B, speaking loudly, is a common sign of hearing loss. C, turning towards the speaker, suggests an effort to hear better. D, being withdrawn, could indicate difficulty in communication due to hearing loss. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it does not align with typical signs of hearing loss.
An adult is receiving NSAID. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching about this medication?
- A. Take NSAID with aspiring for full effect
- B. Take the NSAID with meals
- C. Orange juice will help to potentiate the effect of NSAID
- D. The NSAID will coat the stomach lining
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the NSAID with meals. Taking NSAIDs with meals helps reduce stomach irritation and risk of developing ulcers. Food acts as a protective barrier and helps in the absorption of the medication.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Taking NSAID with aspirin can increase the risk of stomach irritation and bleeding due to combined antiplatelet effects.
C: Orange juice does not potentiate the effect of NSAIDs and may even worsen stomach irritation due to its acidity.
D: NSAIDs do not coat the stomach lining; in fact, they can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers.
For a patient receiving furosemide, the nurse evaluates the medication as being effective if which of the following effects occurs?
- A. Urine output increased
- B. Heart rate increased
- C. Serum potassium decreased
- D. Pulse pressure increased
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine output increased. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urine output, thus helping to reduce fluid volume in the body. This effect is crucial in managing conditions like heart failure and edema. Increased urine output indicates that the medication is working as intended.
Choice B: Heart rate increased is incorrect as furosemide does not directly affect heart rate.
Choice C: Serum potassium decreased is incorrect as furosemide can lead to potassium loss, but this is not the primary indicator of its effectiveness.
Choice D: Pulse pressure increased is incorrect as furosemide does not typically impact pulse pressure.
A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breath cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a fluid and electrolyte imbalance induced by chemotherapy?
- A. A Urine output of 400 ml in 8 hours
- B. B. Serum potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L
- C. C. Blood pressure of 120/64 to 130/72 mm Hg
- D. D. Dry oral mucous membranes and cracked lips
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A urine output of 400 ml in 8 hours indicates a fluid and electrolyte imbalance induced by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy can cause renal damage, leading to decreased urine output. This can result in fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice B is incorrect because a serum potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L is within the normal range. Choice C is incorrect as the blood pressure readings provided are within the normal range. Choice D is incorrect as dry oral mucous membranes and cracked lips are more indicative of dehydration rather than a fluid and electrolyte imbalance induced by chemotherapy.