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to that provided during the Crimean War?
- A. Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing care in both wars.
- B. Soldiers were housed in substandard conditions, but due to Nightingale's push for sanitary conditions, in the Civil War soldiers were housed in aseptic conditions.
- C. Black nurses were widely accepted by society and the profession, receiving equal compensation during the Civil War due in large part to the efforts of Mary Seacole during the Crimean War.
- D. Both Nightingale (Crimean War) and Dix (Civil War) completed nursing training before accepting positions as nurses in the wars.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it accurately reflects the impact of Florence Nightingale's efforts during the Crimean War on nursing care during the Civil War. Nightingale advocated for sanitary conditions which led to improved housing for soldiers in the Civil War. This is supported by historical evidence.
A is incorrect because the emphasis on nursing care differed between the wars, with the Crimean War focusing more on basic care and the Civil War emphasizing sanitary conditions.
C is incorrect because black nurses faced discrimination and unequal compensation during both wars, and Mary Seacole's contributions were not widely recognized during the Civil War.
D is incorrect because Nightingale did not complete formal nursing training before her work in the Crimean War, and Dix was already an experienced nurse before the Civil War.
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A nurse is brought in who testifies that a professional with the knowledge and skill of an RN should understand that, before administering this drug, potassium level and pulse level is always checked to prevent such an occurrence. The nurse's testimony as to what constitutes reasonable care is based on:
- A. the legal definition of standard of care.
- B. the legal definition of the informed consent process.
- C. the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
- D. governmental immunity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the legal definition of standard of care. In healthcare, the standard of care refers to the level of care that a reasonably prudent healthcare professional would provide in similar circumstances. Checking potassium level and pulse before administering a drug is considered standard practice to prevent adverse reactions. The nurse's testimony is based on this standard of care requirement to ensure patient safety and avoid potential harm. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the concept of standard of care in healthcare practice. B pertains to patient consent, C to the doctrine of "the thing speaks for itself," and D to immunity from liability for certain actions.
A nurse is informed that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has determined that a bomb has been detected and is in the possession of a known terrorist group. The government buildings in the local community are the target. This situation is termed a(n):
- A. all-hazards approach.
- B. biologic event.
- C. credible threat.
- D. natural disaster.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: credible threat. In this scenario, a credible threat refers to a specific and tangible indication that a harmful event may occur. The information provided by the FBI about a bomb in possession of a known terrorist group targeting government buildings is a clear example of a credible threat. This term is specifically used in emergency management to indicate a situation where there is a realistic possibility of harm.
A is incorrect because an all-hazards approach involves preparing for and responding to a wide range of potential disasters, not specifically a bomb threat. B is incorrect because a biologic event refers to an outbreak of a biological agent, not a bomb threat. D is incorrect because a natural disaster involves events caused by natural forces, not intentional acts by terrorist groups.
During a search for the term informatics, when the nurse finds the domain ".edu," the site is affiliated with a(n):
- A. government agency.
- B. commercial site.
- C. educational institution
- D. Internet service provider.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: educational institution. ".edu" domain is reserved for educational institutions in the United States, indicating that the website is affiliated with an educational organization. Government agencies typically use ".gov" domain (A), commercial sites use ".com" domain (B), and Internet service providers use ".net" domain (D). Therefore, the presence of ".edu" in the domain indicates that the site is associated with an educational institution.
Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their community. One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute care services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a reference?
- A. Social Security Act
- B. Hill-Burton Act
- C. Sheppard-Towner Act
- D. U.S. Civil Service Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hill-Burton Act. This legislation established a program to provide federal grants for the construction of hospitals and healthcare facilities in underserved areas. It specifically addressed the need to improve access to healthcare services, aligning with the student's concern about acute care services in rural communities. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Social Security Act primarily focuses on social insurance programs; C: Sheppard-Towner Act focused on maternal and child healthcare; D: U.S. Civil Service Act pertains to regulations for federal employees, none of which directly address the issue of access to acute care services in rural communities.
A nurse is concerned about a trend in the hospital to regularly "float" nurses to different areas of the hospital based on staff shortage regardless of recent experience in caring for the population on the unit. When deciding to accept a staffing assignment in this situation, the nurse considers a "safe harbor." What is meant by "safe harbor"?
- A. In an emergency situation, nurses may move patients to one location designated to be areas safe from natural disasters or acts of terrorism.
- B. Nurses work in teams to care for patients who have no communicable disease and do not pose a safety issue due to infection.
- C. Horizontal violence is not tolerated and nurses report any form of violence to administration.
- D. It is written a notice about recurrent staffing issues that allows nurses to continue to care for patients placed in their care but protects their nurse's license while an investigation is conducted.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because "safe harbor" refers to a legal provision that protects nurses when they feel unsafe accepting a staffing assignment due to lack of recent experience or competency. By invoking safe harbor, nurses can continue caring for patients while an investigation is conducted to ensure patient safety and protect the nurse's license. This process allows nurses to voice concerns without fear of reprisal.
Option A is incorrect as it refers to a disaster response plan, unrelated to safe harbor. Option B is incorrect as it discusses patient care teams and infectious diseases, not safe harbor protections. Option C is incorrect because it addresses reporting violence, which is not directly related to safe harbor provisions for staffing assignments.