Nokea
Trace the flow of blood for a nephron.
- A. peritubular capillaries, efferent arteriole, glomerulus, afferent arteriole
- B. efferent arteriole, glomerulus, afferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries
- C. afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries
- D. afferent arteriole, glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, efferent arteriole
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct sequence is afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, and peritubular capillaries. Blood enters the nephron through the afferent arteriole, is filtered in the glomerulus, exits through the efferent arteriole, and then flows into the peritubular capillaries, where reabsorption and secretion occur. This pathway ensures efficient filtration and processing of blood in the kidneys.
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To plan effective care for patients diagnosed with somatic system disorders, the nurse should understand that patients have difficulty giving up the symptoms because the symptoms:
- A. are generally chronic in nature.
- B. have a physiological basis.
- C. can be voluntarily controlled.
- D. provide relief from health anxiety.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Patients with somatic symptom disorders often experience health anxiety.
2. Symptoms provide a form of relief or distraction from this anxiety.
3. Understanding this helps nurses plan effective care by addressing underlying anxiety.
4. Option D is correct as it directly addresses the role of symptoms in providing relief.
Summary:
- Option A is incorrect because chronicity does not explain the reluctance to give up symptoms.
- Option B is incorrect as having a physiological basis does not necessarily relate to difficulty giving up symptoms.
- Option C is incorrect because symptoms in somatic system disorders are typically not voluntarily controlled.
The dermatome supplying the great toe is usually
- A. L3
- B. L4
- C. L5
- D. S1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The L5 dermatome supplies the great toe and the dorsum of the foot. This is important in diagnosing lumbar nerve root compression.
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the emergency room after a motor vehicle crash. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?
- A. Babinski test
- B. Romberg test
- C. Glasgow Coma Scale
- D. Visual analogue scale
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most important assessment for evaluating the level of consciousness in a patient with a head injury. The Babinski and Romberg tests assess motor function and balance, while the visual analogue scale measures pain. The GCS provides critical information about the patient's neurological status.
The home health nurse is caring for the client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which client issue is of most importance?
- A. The client refuses to have a gastrostomy feeding.
- B. The client wants to discuss if she should tell her fiancé.
- C. The client tells the nurse life is not worth living anymore
- D. The client needs the flu and pneumonia vaccines.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Expressing feelings of hopelessness or suicidal ideation requires immediate intervention to ensure the client's safety and provide emotional support.
The nurse is checking the deep tendon reflexes of a patient who has compression of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves on the right. Which deep tendon reflex is diminishes?
- A. Right biceps reflex
- B. Left brachioradialis reflex
- C. Right triceps reflex
- D. Left patellar reflex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Compression of the C5 and C6 nerve roots affects the biceps reflex. The brachioradialis, triceps, and patellar reflexes are controlled by different nerve roots (C6, C7, and L2-L4, respectively). A diminished biceps reflex indicates a lesion at C5-C6.