Nokea
Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes yin (cooling) versus yang (warming) in assessing and treating disease. Menopause is considered a time of imbalance, therefore the Chinese herbalist would prescribe:
- A. Herbs which are yang in nature
- B. Herbs that are yin in nature
- C. Ginger
- D. Golden seal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Menopause is a yin-deficient state (hot flashes), so yin (cooling) herbs are prescribed.
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Slow channel syndrome is due to
- A. Accumulation of Na+ ions in channels
- B. Accumulation of K+ ions in channels
- C. Accumulation of Mg++ ions in channels
- D. Accumulation of Ca++ ions in channels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Slow channel syndrome relates to calcium channel dysfunction.
A primary health care provider instructs a nurse to administer a medication to a patient STAT. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Insist on obtaining a written report before administering any drug.
- B. Administer the drug as ordered by the physician.
- C. Forgo obtaining the physician's order after the drug has been administered.
- D. Document the administration of the drug only after receiving the physician's order.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should administer the drug as instructed without a written order as it is an emergency. The nurse should, however, ensure that the physician's order is obtained after the drug has been administered. Waiting for a written order during an emergency may exacerbate the patient's condition. The nurse should complete the documentation immediately after the administration of the drug and not wait until the physician's order is received.
AH are prodrugs except
- A. Enalapril
- B. Paracetamol
- C. Sulphamethoxazole
- D. Trimethoprim
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enalapril is a prodrug; paracetamol, sulphamethoxazole, and trimethoprim are active drugs.
Angina is caused by:
- A. Blocking beta1 receptors with a constant binding of noradrenaline
- B. Activating beta2 receptors
- C. Beta1 receptors are not active anymore
- D. Extreme binding of noradrenaline due to up regulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angina results from myocardial ischemia, often due to excessive demand or reduced supply, which can be exacerbated by upregulated noradrenaline binding increasing heart workload.
Strategies prescribers can use to prevent misuse of controlled prescription drugs include:
- A. Use of chemical dependency screening tools
- B. Firm limit-setting regarding prescribing controlled substances
- C. Practicing 'just say no' to deal with patients who are pushing the provider to prescribe controlled substances
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All strategies "screening , limits , and refusal "help prevent misuse of controlled substances.