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Types of bacteria include
- A. Helminths and fungi.
- B. Cocci, bacilli, and spirilla.
- C. Rickettsia.
- D. Vectors and protozoa.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bacteria are classified by shape, including cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), and spirilla (spiral). Rickettsia is a specific genus of bacteria, not a shape category. Helminths, fungi, vectors, and protozoa are not bacteria.
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Types of pathogenic organisms include
- A. Bacteria.
- B. Viruses.
- C. Vectors.
- D. Protozoa.
- E. Fungi.
- F. Helminths.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Rationale: Pathogenic organisms are those capable of causing disease. Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and helminths are all types of pathogens. Vectors (e.g., mosquitoes) transmit pathogens but are not pathogens themselves.
Which type of pathogen causes malaria?
- A. Helminths
- B. Herpes simplex
- C. Protozoans
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.
Match the following pathogens with their descriptions: Bacteria
- A. One-celled microorganisms classified by their shapes
- B. May be made up of one or more cells; enter the human body through cuts or cracks in the skin
- C. Rod-shaped bacteria that appear in chains
- D. Type of bacteria often spread through vectors
- E. Tiny parasites that live within cells of hosts and reproduce there
- F. Parasitic worms that can inhabit the digestive tract of humans
- G. Single-celled animals that live in water and cause intestinal illnesses when ingested
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms classified by shapes like cocci, bacilli, and spirilla.
You are caring for a patient with the Zika virus. The nurse understands the Zika virus is caused by which of the following?
- A. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
- B. Blackbirds
- C. Ticks
- D. Ringworm
- E. Flu
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zika virus is transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
A possible cause of a yeast infection resulting from Candida albicans is
- A. Taking antibiotics that kill the normal bacteria in the body, allowing an overgrowth of yeast.
- B. That it is a common side effect of taking antifungal medications.
- C. The presence of the fungus in food prepared by people with the infection.
- D. Consuming undercooked meat that contains the bacteria.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotics disrupt normal bacterial flora, allowing Candida albicans, a fungus, to overgrow. Yeast infections are not caused by antifungal medications, contaminated food, or undercooked meat.