ATI Pediatric Medications Test

ATI Pediatric Medications Test Related

Review ATI Pediatric Medications Test related questions and content

Use this scenario to answer questions 70 to 72. Madam KK brought her two-month-old sick child to your facility. She complains that the child is having a fever, fast breathing, and is not eating anything. Using the IMNCI, what will be the steps to manage this child?

  • A. i. Provide practical treatment instructions
  • B. ii. Triage based on the severity of illness
  • C. iii. Perform a head-to-toe assessment
  • D. iv. Identify specific treatments
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: To manage the sick child using IMNCI, the correct steps are as follows: Triage based on the severity of illness, Perform a head-to-toe assessment, Identify specific treatments, Provide practical treatment instructions, and Assess feeding while providing counseling. The correct answer, 'D,' focuses on identifying specific treatments, which is crucial in addressing the child's condition effectively. Choice A ('Provide practical treatment instructions') is not the initial step and should come after identifying specific treatments. Choice B ('Triage based on the severity of illness') and Choice C ('Perform a head-to-toe assessment') are essential steps but should follow the identification of specific treatments in the IMNCI approach.

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In the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses, one of the things to look for is danger signs. Which of the following will you consider a danger sign in a child?

  • A. The child vomits everything
  • B. A child with diarrhea
  • C. A child with headache
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The child vomits everything.' Vomiting everything is considered a danger sign in a child as it can lead to dehydration and other serious complications. Recognizing this sign early can help in timely intervention and management of the child's condition. Choices B and C are incorrect as diarrhea and headache, while concerning, are not specific danger signs highlighted in the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses.

What comment made by a parent of a 1-month-old would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart defect?

  • A. He is always hungry.
  • B. He tires out during feedings.
  • C. He is fussy for several hours every day.
  • D. He sleeps all the time.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Observing a 1-month-old tiring out during feedings should alert the nurse to the possibility of a congenital heart defect. This symptom may indicate that the infant is expending excess energy to compensate for a heart issue, leading to fatigue during feeding. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to a congenital heart defect. Being always hungry, fussy, or sleeping a lot are not specific signs of a congenital heart defect in a 1-month-old.

Which behavior is most indicative that a 2-year-old is experiencing the initial phase of separation anxiety because his parents cannot stay all day at the hospital with him?

  • A. He withdraws from the nursing staff.
  • B. He cries when his parents leave.
  • C. He lies quietly in bed.
  • D. He cries when his parents arrive.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most indicative behavior of a 2-year-old experiencing the initial phase of separation anxiety due to parents not staying all day at the hospital is crying when his parents leave. This behavior is a common manifestation of separation anxiety in children, as they struggle with the absence of their primary attachment figures. Choices A, C, and D are less indicative because withdrawing from the nursing staff, lying quietly in bed, or crying when parents arrive do not specifically demonstrate the distress caused by separation from parents, which is the hallmark of separation anxiety in children.

Beta-adrenergic agonists such as Salbutamol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma. Such drugs are administered primarily to do which of the following?

  • A. Dilate the bronchioles
  • B. Reduce secondary infections
  • C. Decrease postnasal drip
  • D. Reduce airway inflammation
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like Salbutamol are used to dilate the bronchioles in asthma patients. This action helps in relieving bronchospasms and improving airflow to the lungs, making breathing easier for the individual. While reducing inflammation is an essential part of asthma management, beta-adrenergic agonists primarily work by relaxing the smooth muscles around the airways, leading to bronchodilation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because beta-adrenergic agonists are not primarily used to reduce secondary infections, decrease postnasal drip, or directly reduce airway inflammation in asthma patients.

A female child, age 2, is brought to the emergency department after ingesting an unknown number of aspirin tablets about 30 minutes earlier. Her father is blaming the mother for neglecting the child while she was cooking. On entering the examination room, the child is crying and clinging to the mother. Which data should the nurse obtain first?

  • A. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure
  • B. Recent exposure to communicable diseases
  • C. Number of immunizations received
  • D. Height and weight
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the priority is to assess the child's vital signs first, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. These data will provide critical information on the child's current physiological status and guide further interventions. Option B, recent exposure to communicable diseases, is not the priority in an acute ingestion situation. Option C, number of immunizations received, and option D, height and weight, are important but not as critical as assessing vital signs in this immediate situation.

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