Nokea
Using the figure shown, indicate in which location would a client with an inflamed appendix likely have pain and tenderness?
- A. Right lower quadrant
- B. Left lower quadrant
- C. Right upper quadrant
- D. Left upper quadrant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appendix is located in the right lower quadrant, where appendicitis pain is typically felt.
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Which organ in the digestive system absorbs the most water from food?
- A. esophagus
- B. large intestine
- C. small intestine
- D. stomach
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The large intestine absorbs the most water from food, turning chyme into solid waste.
A gastrointestinal tumor involving villi and plicae circulares might interfere with:
- A. deglutition
- B. absorption
- C. peristalsis
- D. defecation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Villi and plicae circulares increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine. A tumor affecting these structures would impair absorption.
An older adult client asks the nurse why laxatives are frequently required to have a bowel movement. The nurse bases the response to this question on knowledge that:
- A. Older adults frequently abuse laxatives
- B. Laxatives are very often contraindicated in the older population
- C. Enemas are preferred over laxatives to evacuate the bowel
- D. Decreased bowel peristalsis is common in older adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aging often reduces peristalsis, slowing bowel movements and increasing the need for laxatives.
The disease caused due to deficiency of nicotinic acid is
- A. Anaemia
- B. Osteomalacia
- C. Xerophthalmia
- D. Pellagra
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of niacin (nicotinic acid), leading to symptoms like dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
Amylase in saliva initiates digestion of:
- A. lipids
- B. proteins
- C. fats
- D. carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Salivary amylase breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.