Nokea
Vitamin K is given to the newborn to:
- A. reduce bilirubin levels.
- B. increase the production of red blood cells.
- C. enhance ability of blood to clot
- D. stimulate the formation of surfactant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors, thus enhancing the blood's ability to clot and preventing hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
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What does the nursing process describe?
- A. what nurses do
- B. how nurses think
- C. where nurses provide care
- D. who nurses care for
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process outlines the systematic approach to providing patient care, focusing on what nurses do—assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate.
An infant weighing 4.1 kg was born 2 hours ago at 37 weeks of gestation. The infant appears chubby with a flushed complexion and is very tremulous. The tremors are most likely the result of:
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Birth injury
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Seizures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypoglycemia often presents with tremors, irritability, and poor feeding in newborns. It is common due to the high energy demands and limited glycogen stores.
Which finding should be most concerning immediately following delivery of a newborn?
- A. Capillary refill time of 3 seconds
- B. Heart rate of 180 bpm
- C. Respiratory rate of 65 breaths per minute
- D. Apgar score of 8 at 5 minutes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heart rate of 180 bpm. A high heart rate in a newborn is concerning as it could indicate distress or a medical condition. A heart rate of 180 bpm is significantly above the normal range for a newborn (120-160 bpm), requiring immediate attention to assess and address the underlying cause, such as infection or cardiac issues.
A: Capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within the normal range (less than 3 seconds is normal).
C: Respiratory rate of 65 breaths per minute is slightly elevated but not as critical as a high heart rate.
D: Apgar score of 8 at 5 minutes is a good score, indicating the baby is in overall good condition, but it does not address the immediate concern of a high heart rate.
What condition can result from a long, difficult labor and is characterized by a localized, soft area on the newborn’s head?
- A. caput succedaneum
- B. molding
- C. depressed fontanelles
- D. cephalohematoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Caput succedaneum refers to swelling of the soft tissues of the scalp due to prolonged pressure during labor.
What condition can result from a long, difficult labor and is characterized by a localized, soft area on the newborn's head?
- A. caput succedaneum
- B. molding
- C. depressed fontanelles
- D. cephalohematoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: caput succedaneum. This condition occurs due to pressure on the baby's head during a long and difficult labor. It is characterized by a soft, localized swelling on the newborn's head. The other choices are incorrect. B: molding refers to the shaping of the baby's head during passage through the birth canal. C: depressed fontanelles indicate dehydration or malnutrition. D: cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between the baby's skull and periosteum, usually due to birth trauma.