Exam Cram NCLEX RN Practice Questions

Exam Cram NCLEX RN Practice Questions Related

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What action by the nurse will be most effective in decreasing the spread of pertussis in a community setting?

  • A. Providing supportive care to patients diagnosed with pertussis
  • B. Teaching family members about the importance of careful handwashing
  • C. Teaching patients about the necessity of adult pertussis immunizations
  • D. Encouraging patients to complete the prescribed course of antibiotics
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most effective action by the nurse to decrease the spread of pertussis in a community setting is to teach patients about the necessity of adult pertussis immunizations. The increased rate of pertussis in adults is often attributed to waning immunity after childhood immunization. Immunization is highly effective in protecting communities from infectious diseases. While teaching about handwashing is important for overall infection control, pertussis is primarily spread through respiratory droplets and contact with secretions. Providing supportive care does not significantly impact the disease course or transmission risk. Encouraging completion of antibiotics may help reduce transmission, but patients likely have already spread the disease by the time the diagnosis is made. Therefore, the emphasis should be on prevention through immunization to reduce the spread of pertussis.

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You are taking care of Mary Eden, an elderly and frail 91-year-old resident. She gets confused during evening hours and at times she thinks that she hears her daughter calling her from the other side of the nursing home. Which physical problem places Mary Eden at risk for falls?

  • A. Her confusion
  • B. Her daughter
  • C. Evening hours
  • D. Her frailness
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Mary Eden's frail and weak muscles due to her age and physical condition place her at risk for falls. While her confusion can contribute to falls, it is considered an emotional or cognitive issue rather than a physical problem. Her daughter and the evening hours are not physical problems that directly increase her risk of falling.

A systemic sign of infection is ______________.

  • A. swelling
  • B. redness
  • C. heat
  • D. a lack of appetite
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'a lack of appetite.' When a person experiences a systemic infection, they may exhibit signs that affect the entire body. A lack of appetite is a common systemic sign of infection, along with other symptoms like rapid pulse, fever, and an elevated white blood cell count. Swelling, redness, and heat are more indicative of localized inflammation or infection, rather than systemic involvement.

Mobility is an important human function. The hazards of immobility lead to many physical and emotional problems. Immobility can lead to detrimental cardiac, muscular, respiratory, skeletal, urinary, gastrointestinal, skin, and emotional changes. Which of the following is an example of a skeletal hazard of immobility?

  • A. Contractures.
  • B. Constipation.
  • C. Calcium loss.
  • D. Catabolism.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: All choices are hazards of immobility, but only calcium loss from the bones is a skeletal system impairment that results from immobility. Contractures are muscle shortening due to prolonged positioning, which affects the muscular system. Constipation is a gastrointestinal issue. Catabolism is a metabolic process, not specific to the skeletal system.

What consideration is important when caring for a female Muslim patient?

  • A. Make eye contact
  • B. Provide long-sleeved gowns or allow her to use her own
  • C. Touch while talking
  • D. Assign male caregivers when possible
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When caring for a female Muslim patient, providing long-sleeved gowns or allowing her to use her own clothing is crucial. Most Muslim women prefer to cover their whole body, even during examinations. Offering long gowns with long sleeves or allowing the patient to use her own clothing respects her cultural and religious preferences. Making eye contact is not a common practice in some Muslim cultures, so it's important to be mindful of this and respect the patient's preferences. Touching while talking may not be culturally appropriate for some Muslim patients, so it's best to avoid it unless necessary. Assigning female caregivers is often preferred to respect the patient's modesty and religious beliefs. If a male caregiver or physician needs to interact with the patient, the patient's husband may request to be present in the room.

When escorting a patient to the operating room on a stretcher, what should you do to prevent the patient from falling?

  • A. Ensure the safety belt or strap is secured on the patient while escorting them to the operating room
  • B. Use a safety belt or strap on the patient throughout their escort to the operating room
  • C. Lower the bed position when moving the patient from the bed to the stretcher
  • D. All of the above options are correct
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When escorting a patient to the operating room on a stretcher, it is crucial to secure a safety belt or strap on the patient to prevent falls during the transfer. This safety measure is not considered a restraint but a necessary precaution. Lowering the bed position is not necessary; in fact, the bed should be in a high position to align with the stretcher. Locking the wheels of the stretcher is essential to prevent accidents during patient transfer. Therefore, the correct action to prevent falls while moving a patient to the operating room is to use a safety belt or strap on the patient throughout the escort.

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