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What action is most appropriate when administering a transdermal drug?
- A. Apply next dose to a new site
- B. Check the infusion rate
- C. Inject only the inner part of the forearm
- D. Give small volumes of doses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An important nursing intervention when administrating drugs through the transdermal route is to apply the next dose to a new site. It is important to check the infusion rate every 15 to 30 minutes in patients using infusion controllers or infusion pumps. When using the intradermal route, the inner part of the forearm should be used as the injection site and small volumes of doses should be administered.
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What site is most appropriate for an IM injection in an 18-month-old toddler?
- A. Dorsogluteal site
- B. Deltoid muscle
- C. Vastus lateralis
- D. Ventrogluteal site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The vastus lateralis site is frequently used for infants and small children because it is more developed than the other intramuscular sites such as the dorsogluteal and deltoid muscle. Ventrogluteal sites may be used in children who have been ambulating for more than 2 years.
What is considered a unit dose system? Select all that apply.
- A. Floor stock bottle of aspirin 81 mg
- B. A prefilled Lovenox syringe
- C. One Phenergan suppository
- D. Floor stock bottle of ibuprofen suspension
- E. Single-dose cup of Maalox
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Examples of unit dose medications include a package that contains one tablet or capsule, a premeasured amount of a liquid drug, a prefilled syringe, or one suppository.
What routes are used for parenteral drug administration? Select all that apply.
- A. Subcutaneous
- B. Intramuscular
- C. Intradural
- D. Intravenous
- E. Intradermal
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: A nurse can administer parenteral drugs via subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intradermal, and, in some instances, intra-arterial routes by means of a catheter placed by a physician in an artery. The primary health care provider can administer a drug via the intradural route.
What sites are appropriate for subcutaneous injection? Select all that apply.
- A. Upper arm
- B. Inner forearm
- C. Upper abdomen
- D. Gluteus maximus
- E. Upper thigh
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The sites for subcutaneous injection are the upper arms, the upper abdomen, and the upper thighs.
What actions can nurses take to help prevent drug errors? Select all that apply.
- A. Rechecking all calculations
- B. Always administering the drug before answering any of the client's questions
- C. Avoiding distractions and concentrating on only one task at a time
- D. Confirming any questionable orders
- E. Practicing the five+ 1 rights of drug administration
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: In addition to following the five+ 1 rights of drug administration, a nurse can employ the following strategies to aid in the prevention of drug errors: confirm any questionable orders; when calculations are necessary, verify them with another nurse; listen to the client when he or she questions a drug, the dosage, or the drug regimen; never administer the drug until the client's questions have been adequately researched; and avoid distractions and concentrate on only one task at a time.