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What action would a community health nurse take to address health disparities?
- A. Providing health education to individuals
- B. Advocating for policies that promote health equity
- C. Conducting community health assessments
- D. Offering free health screenings
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because advocating for policies that promote health equity addresses the root causes of health disparities at a systemic level, leading to sustainable change. Providing health education to individuals (A) is important but may not address underlying systemic issues. Conducting community health assessments (C) is a valuable tool but alone does not directly address health disparities. Offering free health screenings (D) may improve access to care but does not tackle the broader social determinants of health that contribute to disparities. Advocating for policies that promote health equity is the most effective way for a community health nurse to create lasting change and address health disparities comprehensively.
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Which best describes a key component of health literacy?
- A. Understanding medical terminology
- B. Reading and comprehending health information
- C. Accessing health care services
- D. Navigating the health care system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reading and comprehending health information. Health literacy involves the ability to understand and use health information to make informed decisions. By being able to read and comprehend health information, individuals can better manage their health and navigate the healthcare system effectively. Understanding medical terminology (A) is important but not the sole focus of health literacy. Accessing health care services (C) is a component of healthcare access, not health literacy. Navigating the healthcare system (D) is related to health literacy but doesn't encompass the full scope of understanding and utilizing health information.
Which is an example of tertiary prevention?
- A. Providing rehabilitation services
- B. Diagnosing and treating disease
- C. Health education to prevent complications
- D. Screening for complications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because tertiary prevention focuses on managing and rehabilitating individuals who already have a disease or condition to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. Providing rehabilitation services falls under tertiary prevention as it aims to restore function and reduce disability post-diagnosis.
B: Diagnosing and treating disease is considered secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat diseases early to prevent progression.
C: Health education to prevent complications is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent the development of diseases or conditions.
D: Screening for complications is part of secondary prevention, as it involves early detection and treatment to prevent complications.
What is a primary objective of public health?
- A. Lowering the prevalence of chronic diseases
- B. Eliminating health disparities among populations
- C. Delivering health education
- D. Extending life expectancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eliminating health disparities among populations. This is the primary objective of public health as it focuses on ensuring that all individuals have equal access to healthcare and resources to achieve optimal health outcomes. By addressing disparities, public health aims to promote health equity and reduce inequalities in health status. Lowering chronic diseases (A) and extending life expectancy (D) are important goals but not the primary objective. Delivering health education (C) is a strategy within public health but not the main objective.
Which best describes the concept of risk?
- A. The probability that an individual will develop a specific condition
- B. The impact of a health condition on an individual's life
- C. The potential for harm from a specific condition
- D. The likelihood of being exposed to a health hazard
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because risk is defined as the probability that an individual will develop a specific condition. This involves assessing the likelihood of an event occurring. Choice B focuses on the impact of a health condition, which is not the same as risk assessment. Choice C refers to the potential harm, but risk includes both the probability and potential consequences. Choice D is about exposure to health hazards, which is related to risk but doesn't fully encompass the concept. Therefore, option A best captures the essence of risk assessment.
Which is a major focus of community health nursing?
- A. Providing care to individuals and families
- B. Improving access to health care
- C. Implementing health policies
- D. Promoting community partnerships
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because community health nursing primarily focuses on providing care to individuals and families within a community to improve their health outcomes. This involves assessing their needs, developing care plans, and implementing interventions to promote wellness and prevent disease. Improving access to healthcare (B) and implementing health policies (C) are important aspects of public health, but not the main focus of community health nursing. Promoting community partnerships (D) is also essential, but it is more about collaboration and resource mobilization rather than the primary focus of providing direct care.