Nokea
What are FOUR absolute contraindications for cardiac transplantation?
- A. Active infection
- B. Ongoing malignancy
- C. Medical non-compliance
- D. Drug abuse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These are absolute contraindications for cardiac transplantation due to the risks of infection, poor outcomes, and non-compliance.
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Patrick, a healthy adolescent has meningitis and is receiving I.V. and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this client’s fluid intake because fluid overload may cause:
- A. Cerebral edema
- B. Dehydration
- C. Heart failure
- D. Hypovolemic shock
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fluid overload in a patient with meningitis can exacerbate cerebral edema, increasing intracranial pressure and worsening the condition.
The nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. A student nurse who is on the unit asks if there are medications to treat the disease. The nurse’s best response to the student nurse is:
- A. Immunogloulin G and ACE inhibitors
- B. Immunoglobulin and heparin
- C. Immunoglobulin G and aspirin
- D. Immunoglobulin and ibuprofen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The standard treatment for Kawasaki disease includes Immunoglobulin G and aspirin to reduce inflammation and prevent coronary artery complications.
When providing care for a client following bronchoscopy, which assessment finding should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Slight blood-tinged sputum
- B. Dyspnea and dysphagia
- C. Sore throat and hoarseness
- D. No gag reflex after thirty minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absence of a gag reflex after bronchoscopy may indicate nerve damage or complications requiring immediate intervention.
A characteristic sign of hypercalcaemia is:
- A. Trousseau's sign
- B. Chvostek's sign
- C. Homan's sign
- D. Kussmaul's sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trousseau's sign, which involves muscle spasms when a blood pressure cuff is inflated, is a common indicator of hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia.
Neural crest derivatives include:
- A. Adrenal cortical cells
- B. Melanocytes
- C. Langerhans cells
- D. Gastric epithelial cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest and are responsible for pigment production in the skin.