ati teas 7 science

ati teas 7 science Related

Review ati teas 7 science related questions and content

What are the finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine called?

  • A. Crypts of Lieberk¼hn
  • B. Goblet cells
  • C. Villi
  • D. Paneth cells
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A) Crypts of Lieberk¼hn are small pits in the lining of the small intestine that contain cells involved in the production of intestinal juices, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption.
B) Goblet cells are specialized cells that secrete mucus to protect the lining of the digestive tract, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption.
C) Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. Each villus contains blood vessels and lacteals (lymphatic vessels) that help absorb nutrients from digested food.
D) Paneth cells are specialized cells found in the small intestine that secrete antimicrobial substances, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption.

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Which of the following is responsible for regulating body temperature?

  • A. Hypothalamus
  • B. Cerebellum
  • C. Pituitary gland
  • D. Thyroid gland
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, and maintaining overall homeostasis in the body. It receives input from temperature receptors in the skin and internal organs and helps initiate responses to maintain a stable internal body temperature. Acting as the body's thermostat, the hypothalamus adjusts responses to ensure the body's temperature remains within a narrow range, despite external conditions. The Cerebellum (Choice B) is primarily involved in coordinating movement and balance, not regulating body temperature. The Pituitary gland (Choice C) is responsible for producing and secreting hormones that regulate various bodily functions but not directly involved in body temperature regulation. The Thyroid gland (Choice D) plays a role in metabolism and hormone regulation but is not the primary regulator of body temperature.

Which type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movements?

  • A. Smooth
  • B. Skeletal
  • C. Cardiac
  • D. Involuntary
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The corrected question is asking about the type of muscle responsible for voluntary movements, which is skeletal muscle (Choice B). Skeletal muscle is under conscious control and is responsible for voluntary movements like walking or lifting objects. Smooth muscle (Choice A) is found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, responsible for involuntary movements. Cardiac muscle (Choice C) is specific to the heart and is also involuntary. 'Involuntary' (Choice D) is a general term and does not specify a type of muscle responsible for voluntary movements.

What is the name of the structure that packages DNA in eukaryotic cells?

  • A. Nucleosome
  • B. Chromatin
  • C. Histone
  • D. Centromere
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: - A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotic cells. It consists of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins.
- Chromatin refers to the complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, including nucleosomes.
- Histones are the proteins around which DNA is wrapped to form nucleosomes.
- Centromere is a region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and to which spindle fibers attach during cell division.

What term describes the phenomenon of two waves canceling each other out when they meet?

  • A. Refraction
  • B. Diffraction
  • C. Destructive interference
  • D. Constructive interference
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Destructive interference is the term used to describe the phenomenon when two waves meet and their amplitudes are such that they cancel each other out, resulting in a wave with a smaller amplitude or no wave at all. This cancellation effect occurs due to the waves being out of phase. This is in contrast to constructive interference, where two waves combine to produce a wave with a larger amplitude. Refraction is the bending of waves as they pass through different mediums, such as light passing through glass, while diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings. In this case, the concept described in the question specifically aligns with destructive interference, making it the correct answer.

Which of the following is the smallest unit of matter?

  • A. Molecule
  • B. Atom
  • C. Compound
  • D. Element
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: An atom is the fundamental building block of matter, while molecules are formed by the combination of atoms.

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