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What are the signs and symptoms of phlebitis?
- A. Site cool to touch
- B. Edema at the site
- C. Erythema at the site
- D. Blanching or pallor of skin around site
- E. Vein feels like a hard cord when palpated
- F. Solution leakage at site
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Phlebitis is characterized by inflammation, causing edema, erythema, and a hard, cord-like vein at the site.
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Which veins are used during PICC placement?
- A. Basilic vein
- B. Jugular vein
- C. Carotid vein
- D. Brachial vein
- E. Cephalic vein
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: PICC lines are placed in peripheral veins like the basilic, brachial, or cephalic veins, advancing to the superior vena cava.
Which of the following strengths of heparin could you use for flushing a PRN lock?
- A. 1,000 units/mL
- B. 10 units/mL
- C. 5,000 units/mL
- D. 10,000 units/mL
- E. 100 units/mL
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Heparin for flushing PRN locks is typically 10 or 100 units/mL to prevent clotting without causing systemic anticoagulation.
Which veins are used during central line placement?
- A. Brachial vein
- B. Cephalic vein
- C. Jugular vein
- D. Femoral vein
- E. Subclavian vein
- F. Basilic vein
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Central lines are placed in larger veins like the jugular, femoral, or subclavian veins for central venous access.
Hypovolemia refers to a condition resulting from:
- A. dehydration caused by loss of intracellular and extracellular fluids
- B. water losses that are greater than electrolyte losses
- C. excessive loss of equal proportions of extracellular fluid and electrolytes
- D. excessive loss of electrolytes in greater proportions than the loss of fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypovolemia is the excessive loss of both extracellular fluid and electrolytes in equal proportions, reducing blood volume.
Which of the following preparations should be performed at the bedside?
- A. Mixing of IV medication
- B. Verification of health-care provider's IV order with MAR
- C. Site selection
- D. Priming primary IV administration set
- E. Calculation of infusion rate for gravity flow
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Verification of the IV order with the MAR and site selection are performed at the bedside to ensure patient safety and correct administration.