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What are the SIX anatomic features associated with AVSD?
- A. AV-valve leaflets at the same level
- B. Absent AV septum
- C. Unwedged aortic valve
- D. Gooseneck elongated LVOT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AVSD involves multiple anatomic features that lead to a characteristic appearance and functional issues in the heart.
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The nurse reviews the laboratory results of a client during an annual physical examination and identifies a positive guaiac test of stool. Which additional serum laboratory test result should the nurse review?
- A. Glucose
- B. Platelet count
- C. White blood cell count
- D. Amylase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive guaiac test indicates gastrointestinal bleeding. A platelet count is essential to assess for thrombocytopenia, which could contribute to bleeding.
The nurse is teaching a client with glomerulonephritis about self-care. Which dietary recommendations should the nurse encourage the client to follow?
- A. Increase intake of high-fiber foods, such as bran cereal
- B. Restrict protein intake by limiting meats and other high-protein foods
- C. Limit oral fluid intake to 500 ml per day
- D. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods such as bananas or cantaloupe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing protein intake helps decrease the workload on the kidneys, which is beneficial in glomerulonephritis.
Nurse Alice is providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a child, age 4. the nurse should:
- A. Compress the sternum with both hands at a depth of 1½ to 2†(4 to 5 cm)
- B. Deliver 12 breaths/minute
- C. Perform only two-person CPR
- D. Use the heel of one hand for sternal compressions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a 4-year-old, the heel of one hand is appropriate for sternal compressions to achieve the correct depth and avoid injury.
A client with stage IV bone cancer is admitted to the hospital for pain control. The client verbalizes continuous, severe pain of 8 on a 1 to 10 scale. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Administer opioid and non-opioid medication simultaneously
- B. Administer only opioid medication as prescribed.
- C. Encourage the client to practice relaxation techniques
- D. Delay medication administration until reassessment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Combining opioid and non-opioid medications provides more effective pain relief for severe cancer-related pain.
After a computer tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast medium, a client returns to the room complaining of shortness of breath and itching. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Call respiratory therapy to give a breathing treatment
- B. Send another nurse for an emergency tracheotomy set
- C. Prepare a dose of epinephrine (Adrenalin)
- D. Review the client's complete list of allergies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shortness of breath and itching are signs of an allergic reaction to the contrast medium, and epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.