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What are the six competencies from Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) that are expected of new nursing graduates?
- A. Patient-centered care
- B. Teamwork and collaboration
- C. Evidence-based practice
- D. Quality improvement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: QSEN competencies include patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.
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Instructions for a patient at risk for testicular cancer include
- A. Restrict potassium, phosphate, sodium, protein in diet.
- B. Self-catheterization of ileal reservoir.
- C. Testicular self-exam.
- D. Change in color of urine is to be expected.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular self-exams help detect testicular cancer early.
What is the first symptom to occur in hypovolemia?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Thirst
- C. Central venous pressure below 2 to 3 mmHg
- D. Urine specific gravity high
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thirst is the earliest indicator of hypovolemia, as the body signals the need for fluid replacement before more severe signs like hypotension develop.
A client had a stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings?
- A. Poor impulse control
- B. Inability to discriminate words and letters
- C. Deficits in the right visual field
- D. Motor retardation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Poor impulse control. When a client has a stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere, it can affect their ability to regulate emotions and impulses. The right hemisphere is responsible for inhibiting impulsive behavior, so damage to this area can lead to poor impulse control. This can manifest as impulsivity, lack of judgement, and difficulty controlling emotions.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: Inability to discriminate words and letters - This is typically associated with left cerebral hemisphere damage, not right hemisphere.
C: Deficits in the right visual field - This is associated with damage to the left occipital lobe, not the right hemisphere.
D: Motor retardation - Motor functions are controlled by the opposite side of the brain, so right hemisphere damage would typically affect the left side of the body, not motor function in general.
While recovering from the anesthetic, what is the best position for Mrs. West?
- A. Supine with legs fully extended
- B. Prone with head turned to the side
- C. Lateral Sims with legs flexed
- D. Trendelenburg with head to the side
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Trendelenburg with head to the side. This position helps prevent aspiration by promoting drainage of secretions from the mouth and reducing the risk of airway obstruction. Placing the patient in Trendelenburg position with the head to the side also helps facilitate proper blood flow and ventilation. Supine with legs fully extended (A) may increase the risk of airway obstruction and aspiration. Prone with head turned to the side (B) may obstruct the airway and hinder breathing. Lateral Sims with legs flexed (C) is not suitable for a patient recovering from anesthesia as it may not provide optimal airway clearance and respiratory support.
What is the purpose and advantage of methadone maintenance therapy?
- A. Increased alertness
- B. Lower immune response
- C. Faster metabolism
- D. Enhanced digestion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.