Nokea
What are the two species of structural dysfunction in SFT?
- A. Conflictual and underorganized
- B. Longstanding and recent
- C. Enmity and disagreement
- D. Community and family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Conflictual (overly rigid) and underorganized (too diffuse) are SFT's dysfunction types.
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The theorist who believes in social constructivism is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Lev Vygotsky
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lev Vygotsky's social constructivism emphasizes learning through social interaction.
Using Bowen’s systems approach with a family in therapy, the therapist would:
- A. Try to change family principles that may be promoting dysfunctional behavior patterns.
- B. Strive to create change in destructive behavior through improvement in communication and interaction patterns.
- C. Encourage increase in the differentiation of individual family members.
- D. Promote change in dysfunctional behavior by encouraging the formation of more diffuse boundaries between family members.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because in Bowen's systems approach, the therapist focuses on increasing the differentiation of individual family members. This means helping each member develop their own sense of self and become more autonomous within the family system. By doing so, family members can better manage their emotions and relationships, leading to healthier dynamics.
Choice A is incorrect because Bowen's approach does not aim to change family principles but rather focuses on individual growth within the family system. Choice B is incorrect because the emphasis is not solely on improving communication but rather on enhancing differentiation. Choice D is incorrect because promoting more diffuse boundaries can actually lead to further dysfunction, as Bowen's approach emphasizes strengthening individual boundaries for healthier family functioning.
Reinforcer function as a reward
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Both
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary (innate) and secondary (learned) reinforcers reward behavior.
A patient who has AIDS has been instructed on foods to eat to reduce the risk of infection. Which foods should the patient select that indicates correct understanding of this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Rare meat
- B. Raw seafood
- C. Soft egg yolks
- D. Pasteurized milk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pasteurized milk. This is because pasteurization kills harmful bacteria, making it safe for consumption by individuals with weakened immune systems like AIDS patients.
A: Rare meat and B: Raw seafood may contain harmful bacteria that can pose a risk of infection for AIDS patients.
C: Soft egg yolks may also contain harmful bacteria if not fully cooked, which can be dangerous for individuals with compromised immune systems.
In summary, pasteurized milk is the safest option as it eliminates the risk of bacterial contamination, while the other choices may increase the risk of infection for a patient with AIDS.
The nurse best engages in self-analysis that will benefit a specific nurse-client relationship when:
- A. Refraining from expressing any negative feelings about a client's behaviors.
- B. Asking, 'What barriers exist that make it difficult for me to provide effective care for this client?'
- C. Reporting to the nurse manager that, 'I've tried but I just can't work therapeutically with this client.'
- D. Avoiding conflict with the client by seldom setting boundaries or disagreeing with his or her beliefs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates reflective practice by focusing on self-awareness and identifying potential barriers to effective care. This approach allows the nurse to address personal biases, limitations, and areas for growth, leading to improved nurse-client relationships.
Choice A is incorrect as it suggests suppressing negative feelings, which may hinder self-awareness and authenticity in the relationship. Choice C is incorrect as it avoids self-analysis and seeks external solutions, which may not address the root of the issue. Choice D is incorrect as it prioritizes avoiding conflict over establishing healthy boundaries, which is essential for therapeutic relationships.