Nokea
What arterial blood gas (ABG) values suggest this? pH 7.30 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 38 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 18 mEq/L [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.48 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 31 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 24 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.42 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 36 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 24 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.30 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 52 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 29 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]
- A. pH 7.30, CO2 38, HCO3 18 mEq/L
- B. pH 7.48, CO2 31, HCO3 24
- C. pH 7.42, CO2 36, HCO3 24
- D. pH 7.30, CO2 52, HCO3 29
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low pH and high PaCO2. Option D (pH 7.30, PaCO2 52, HCO3 29) shows respiratory acidosis with partial compensation.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse in the emergency department (ED) is caring for a client with dyspnea and coughing up purulent sputum. The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.25 [7.35-7.45], PaO2 93 mmHg [80-100 mmHg], PaCO2 69 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 25 mmol/L [22-28 mEq/L]. The nurse should interpret these results to indicate that the client has
- A. respiratory alkalosis
- B. respiratory acidosis
- C. metabolic alkalosis
- D. metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ABG shows low pH (7.25) and high PaCO2 (69 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis (B) due to CO2 retention, likely from impaired ventilation due to pneumonia.
The nurse is working in the emergency department caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results would be expected?
- A. pH = 7.50 [7.35-7.45]; PaO2 = 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]; PaCO2 = 37 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg]; HCO3- = 31 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
- B. pH = 7.31 [7.35-7.45]; PaO2 = 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]; PaCO2 = 56 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg]; HCO3- = 23 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
- C. pH = 7.51 [7.35-7.45]; PaO2 = 94 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]; PaCO2 = 31 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg]; HCO3- = 24 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
- D. pH = 7.31 [7.35-7.45]; PaO2 = 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]; PaCO2 = 37 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg]; HCO3- = 15 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DKA causes metabolic acidosis due to ketone accumulation, lowering pH and HCO3-. Option D (pH 7.31, HCO3- 15 mEq/L) reflects uncompensated metabolic acidosis. Options A and C show alkalosis, and B shows respiratory acidosis.
The nurse interprets this ABG result as Laboratory: pH 7.59 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 30 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3- 24 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L], PaO2 85 mmHg [80-100 mm Hg]
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Respiratory acidosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High pH (7.59) and low PaCO2 (30 mm Hg) with normal HCO3- indicate uncompensated respiratory alkalosis (D).
Which of the following abnormalities in the arterial blood gas (ABG) would be consistent with a client who has overdosed on clonazepam?
- A. metabolic acidosis
- B. metabolic alkalosis, fully compensated
- C. respiratory alkalosis
- D. respiratory acidosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clonazepam, a benzodiazepine, depresses the central nervous system, reducing respiratory drive and causing CO2 retention, leading to respiratory acidosis (D). Metabolic acidosis (A), metabolic alkalosis (B), and respiratory alkalosis (C) are not typical.
The nurse should recognize that the client is experiencing Laboratory: pH 7.19 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 36 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 12 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L], PaO2 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]
- A. compensated metabolic acidosis
- B. uncompensated metabolic acidosis
- C. compensated respiratory acidosis
- D. uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low pH (7.19) and low HCO3- (12 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate uncompensated metabolic acidosis (B). No compensation is evident as PaCO2 is normal.