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What aspect of Leiningers theory is the nurse addressing?
- A. Cross-care accommodation
- B. Culture care restructuring
- C. Cultural reordering
- D. Patient modification
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Culture care restructuring or repatterning refers to professional actions and decisions that help patients reorder, change, or modify their lifestyles toward new, different, or more beneficial health care patterns. The other listed options are not part of Leiningers theory.
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What is the best way for the nurse to interact with a patient who has a different cultural perspective on space and distance?
- A. Allow the patient to adopt a position that is comfortable for him or her.
- B. Realize that sitting close to the patient is an indication of warmth and caring.
- C. Position yourself 10 to 12 feet from the patient to accommodate the most common cultural preferences.
- D. Remember not to intrude into the personal space of the elderly.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If the patient appears to position himself or herself too close or too far away, the nurse should consider cultural preferences for space and distance. Ideally, the patient should be permitted to assume a position that is comfortable to him or her in terms of personal space and distance. Older adults do not share a common perspective on personal space. A distance of 10 to 12 feet is not normally necessary. Close proximity can be interpreted as being invasive by some individuals.
When choosing another individual to interpret for this patient, what characteristic should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Interpreter should recognize the need to speak in a loud voice.
- B. Interpreter should be able to conduct the conversation quickly to avoid misinterpretation.
- C. Interpreter should be fluent in several dialects of the patients language.
- D. Interpreter should know that repetition must be avoided while interpreting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cultural needs should be considered when choosing an interpreter; for instance, fluency in varied dialects is beneficial. In choosing an interpreter, you do not want one who speaks in an excessively loud voice, conducts the conversation too quickly, or avoids repetition.
What would be the best way to promote understanding during the teaching session?
- A. Ask the patient to repeat the instructions carefully.
- B. Write the procedure out for the patient in simple language.
- C. Use an interpreter during the teaching session.
- D. Have the patient demonstrate the dressing change.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Policies that promote culturally competent care establish flexible regulations pertaining to visitors, provide translation services for nonEnglish-speaking patients, and train staff to provide care for patients with different cultural values. Writing instructions, having the patient demonstrate the procedure, and asking the patient to repeat instructions do not adequately compensate for the communication barrier that exists.
The nurse should consider what phenomenon that tends to occur in patients of all ages when they are ill?
- A. Tendency to regress in language skills
- B. Tendency to become more passive
- C. Tendency to become more involved in care
- D. Tendency to regress in age-appropriate behavior
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During illness, patients of all ages tend to regress, and the regression often involves language skills. The other tendencies do not apply in this case.
How should the nurse best understand the patients behavior?
- A. The patients sense of humor is culturally mediated and may be unfamiliar to the nurse.
- B. The patient may believe that she has sufficient knowledge and skill to empty the drain.
- C. The patient may be unable to fully comprehend the information the nurse is trying to convey.
- D. Individuals from the patients culture may not normally explain and demonstrate at the same time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inappropriate laughter can signal a lack of understanding. This is more likely than the presence of a culture-specific sense of humor in this particular context. It is unlikely that there is a prohibition against simultaneous explaining and demonstrating. Laughing is unlikely to suggest that teaching and learning are unnecessary.