Nokea
What causes the changes in appearance seen in boys at the time of puberty?
- A. Prolactin
- B. Adrenaline
- C. Estrogen
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During puberty, boys experience physical changes such as growth of facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle development. These changes are primarily driven by the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is testosterone. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because prolactin, adrenaline, and estrogen do not play a significant role in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.
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Why is abortion important?
- A. It is easily conducted
- B. It can easily be diagnosed
- C. It causes serious complications such as infections and maternal death
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abortion is important due to the serious complications it can cause, such as infections and maternal death. Choices A and B are incorrect because ease of conducting or diagnosing abortion procedures does not inherently make abortion important. Choice D is incorrect because not all the options listed are reasons why abortion is important; only choice C highlights the critical aspect of potential complications.
The menstrual disorder in which there is an absence or suppression of the normal menstrual period is called:
- A. Dysmenorrhoea
- B. Polymenorrhoea
- C. Menorrhagia
- D. Amenorrhoea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amenorrhoea is the correct term for the absence or suppression of the menstrual period. Dysmenorrhoea refers to painful menstruation, Polymenorrhoea is characterized by frequent, short menstrual cycles, and Menorrhagia is excessive menstrual bleeding. Therefore, 'Amenorrhoea' is the most appropriate term for the described menstrual disorder.
During menopause, what do ovaries stop producing?
- A. Progesterone and Estrogen
- B. Prolactin
- C. Human chorionic gonadotropin
- D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During menopause, the ovaries stop producing progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone and estrogen are hormones essential for the menstrual cycle and reproductive functions. Prolactin is a hormone responsible for milk production in the breasts and is not primarily produced by the ovaries. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy to support the production of progesterone and estrogen. Oxytocin is a hormone involved in labor and breastfeeding, not primarily produced by the ovaries.
Appropriate Technologies and Skills involve:
- A. Selecting technologies according to universal standards.
- B. Ensuring a doctor is present at the service-providing facility.
- C. Requiring that health care providers are nurses.
- D. Selecting technologies that are easy to use but not necessarily effective.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Selecting technologies according to universal standards.' Appropriate technologies and skills involve choosing tools and methods based on universal standards to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. Choice B is incorrect because the presence of a doctor is not necessarily a defining factor for appropriate technologies and skills. Choice C is incorrect as appropriate technologies are not limited to being utilized only by nurses. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on selecting technologies that are both easy to use and effective, not one or the other.
Which of the following is included in a gynecological examination?
- A. Abdominal examination
- B. General and systemic examination
- C. Obstetric exam
- D. Pelvic examination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct! A gynecological examination typically includes an abdominal examination to assess the overall health of the patient. This includes checking for any abnormalities, tenderness, or masses. General and systemic examinations are also important as they provide valuable information about the patient's overall health status. Pelvic examination is another essential component of a gynecological exam to assess the reproductive organs. Obstetric exams, focusing on pregnant women, are not part of routine gynecological examinations.