Nokea
What clinical feature distinguishes a hypoglycemic reaction from a ketoacidosis reaction?
- A. Blurred vision.
- B. Diaphoresis.
- C. Nausea.
- D. Weakness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diaphoresis is the correct answer because it is more characteristic of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia typically presents with symptoms such as diaphoresis (excessive sweating), palpitations, tremors, and anxiety. On the other hand, ketoacidosis is associated with symptoms such as fruity breath, deep and labored breathing (Kussmaul respirations), nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Blurred vision can occur in both hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis due to metabolic disturbances affecting the eyes. Weakness is a nonspecific symptom that can be present in both conditions, making it less helpful in distinguishing between the two.
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When instructing the female client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism about diet, Nurse Gina should stress the importance of which of the following?
- A. Restricting fluids
- B. Restricting sodium
- C. Forcing fluids
- D. Restricting potassium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forcing fluids. Nurse Gina should stress the importance of forcing fluids to help prevent kidney stones and hypercalcemia in clients with hyperparathyroidism. Restricting fluids (choice A) is not recommended as dehydration can worsen the condition. Restricting sodium (choice B) is not directly related to the management of hyperparathyroidism. Restricting potassium (choice D) is not typically necessary in hyperparathyroidism unless hyperkalemia is present.
A new unit manager works hard to get to know each of the staff members on the unit and determine what each staff member needs in order to effectively do their job. What type of management best describes this manager?
- A. Servant leader-style manager
- B. Networking manager
- C. Coaching manager
- D. Monitoring manager
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A Servant leader-style manager focuses on understanding and meeting the needs of staff members to help them grow and perform at their best. This type of manager prioritizes serving the team and facilitating their development. Networking managers focus on building connections and relationships outside the team. Coaching managers provide guidance, support, and feedback to help employees improve. Monitoring managers primarily oversee and supervise tasks without a strong emphasis on individual needs or growth.
A nursing student needs to administer potassium chloride intravenously as prescribed to a client with hypokalemia. The nursing instructor determines that the student is unprepared for this procedure if the student states that which of the following is part of the plan for preparation and administration of the potassium?
- A. Obtaining a controlled IV infusion pump
- B. Monitoring urine output during administration
- C. Diluting an appropriate amount of normal saline
- D. Preparing the medication for bolus administration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is preparing the medication for bolus administration (Choice D). Potassium should never be administered as a bolus because it can cause cardiac arrest. It must always be diluted and given slowly. Obtaining a controlled IV infusion pump (Choice A) is essential for accurate delivery, monitoring urine output during administration (Choice B) helps assess the client's response, and diluting an appropriate amount of normal saline (Choice C) is necessary to prevent irritation and ensure safe administration.
Capillary glucose monitoring is being performed every 4 hours for a female client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin is administered using a scale of regular insulin according to glucose results. At 2 p.m., the client has a capillary glucose level of 250 mg/dl for which she receives 8 U of regular insulin. Nurse Vince should expect the dose's:
- A. Onset to be at 2 p.m. and its peak to be at 3 p.m.
- B. Onset to be at 2:15 p.m. and its peak to be at 3 p.m.
- C. Onset to be at 2:30 p.m. and its peak to be at 4 p.m.
- D. Onset to be at 4 p.m. and its peak to be at 6 p.m.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Regular insulin typically has an onset of action within 30 minutes and peaks 2-4 hours after administration. Given that the insulin was administered at 2 p.m., the onset of action can be expected around 2:30 p.m., and the peak effect would occur between 4-6 p.m. Choice A is incorrect as the onset and peak are too close together for regular insulin. Choice B is incorrect because the onset time is too soon after administration. Choice D is incorrect as the onset time is too delayed for regular insulin.
The healthcare provider is assessing a client with hypothyroidism. Which of the following symptoms would the provider expect to find?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Heat intolerance
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bradycardia is a common symptom of hypothyroidism because the condition leads to a decreased metabolic rate. Weight loss (Choice A) is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the metabolic rate is increased. Heat intolerance (Choice B) is also more indicative of hyperthyroidism due to increased sensitivity to heat. Diarrhea (Choice D) is not a typical symptom of hypothyroidism; rather, constipation is more common due to the slow-down of the digestive system.