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What condition, will the nurse explain, is present causing this diagnosis?
- A. The yolk sac remains connected to the intestine.
- B. There is inflammation of the ileocecal valve.
- C. A pouch forms when the vitelline duct fails to disappear.
- D. There is a weakness in the abdominal wall.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Meckel's diverticulum results from the failure of the vitelline duct to disappear, forming a blind pouch.
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What does the nurse expect this child to receive following gastric lavage?
- A. Activated charcoal
- B. N-Acetylcysteine
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Syrup of ipecac
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: N-Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, administered after gastric lavage.
What will be the nurse's priority goal of the infant's care?
- A. Prevent fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
- B. Prevent nutritional deficiency.
- C. Prevent skin breakdown.
- D. Prevent malabsorption.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preventing fluid and electrolyte imbalance is the priority in acute gastroenteritis to avoid life-threatening complications.
What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?
- A. Keep children's nails short.
- B. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear.
- C. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution.
- D. Wash bed linens in cold water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping nails short prevents pinworm eggs from collecting under them, reducing spread and reinfection.
For what is this child at the highest risk?
- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Hypocalcemia
- C. Sepsis
- D. Shock
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe isotonic dehydration puts the child at highest risk for shock due to significant fluid loss.
Which statement by a mother may indicate a cause of her son's vitamin C deficiency?
- A. We get our fruits from homemade preserves.'
- B. We use milk from our own goats.'
- C. We grow all our own vegetables.'
- D. We're not big meat eaters.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heating fruits for preserves destroys vitamin C, leading to deficiency.