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What dietary modification would the nurse advise?
- A. Soft foods with rice, bananas, toast, and applesauce
- B. Small amounts of clear fluids such as gelatin
- C. An oral rehydrating solution, such as Pedialyte
- D. Chicken soup because it is high in sodium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oral rehydrating solution like Pedialyte replaces fluids and electrolytes lost in mild diarrhea.
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What will be included regarding primary sources of lead in the community?
- A. Increased lead content of air
- B. Use of aluminum cookware
- C. Deteriorating paint in older buildings
- D. Inhaling smog
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deteriorating paint in older buildings is a primary source of lead exposure in children.
What condition, will the nurse explain, is present causing this diagnosis?
- A. The yolk sac remains connected to the intestine.
- B. There is inflammation of the ileocecal valve.
- C. A pouch forms when the vitelline duct fails to disappear.
- D. There is a weakness in the abdominal wall.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Meckel's diverticulum results from the failure of the vitelline duct to disappear, forming a blind pouch.
Which nursing interventions will be implemented for the mother of a 10-month-old infant with nonorganic failure to thrive?
- A. Pointing out errors that the nurse observes when the mother is caring for the infant
- B. Discussing negative characteristics of the infant with the mother
- C. Having the nurse provide as much of the infant's care as possible
- D. Teaching the mother about the developmental milestones to expect in the next few months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching about developmental milestones provides anticipatory guidance, supporting parental care in nonorganic failure to thrive.
Which is the most appropriate intervention for a 3-month-old infant who has gastroesophageal reflux?
- A. Position the infant in the crib on his or her abdomen, with the head elevated.
- B. Administer medication as ordered to stimulate the pyloric sphincter.
- C. Give thin rice cereal with formula before feeding solid foods.
- D. Place the infant in an infant seat after feedings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning with the head elevated reduces intraabdominal pressure and helps manage gastroesophageal reflux.
Which assessment would the nurse report to the physician immediately?
- A. 2-month-old with a urine output of 150 mL in 24 hours
- B. 3-year-old with a urine output of 650 mL in 24 hours
- C. 8-year-old with a urine output of over 1000 mL in 24 hours
- D. 14-year-old with a urine output of 800 mL in 24 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 2-month-old's urine output of 150 mL/24 hours is significantly below the expected 400-500 mL, indicating possible dehydration.