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What dietary recommendation should be made to a child with iron-deficiency anemia?
- A. Increase intake of dairy products
- B. Include high-iron foods like spinach and meat
- C. Decrease protein intake
- D. Avoid all grains
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct recommendation for a child with iron-deficiency anemia is to include high-iron foods like spinach, red meat, and beans in their diet. These foods are rich sources of iron and can help address the deficiency. Choice A is incorrect as dairy products do not provide significant iron content. Choice C is incorrect because protein intake does not need to be decreased; in fact, lean meats are good sources of iron. Choice D is also incorrect as whole grains can be a part of a healthy diet and do not need to be avoided in this case.
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What is a common sign of iron-deficiency anemia in children?
- A. Yellowing of the skin
- B. Pallor and fatigue
- C. Rapid weight gain
- D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pallor and fatigue are common signs of iron-deficiency anemia in children. Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decreased production of red blood cells, leading to a paler appearance (pallor) and increased fatigue due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. Yellowing of the skin (choice A) is more commonly associated with liver or bile duct issues. Rapid weight gain (choice C) and increased appetite (choice D) are not typical signs of iron-deficiency anemia.
What is a common sign of congenital hip dysplasia in infants?
- A. Symmetrical hip movement
- B. Limited range of motion in the hip
- C. Swelling of the knees
- D. Dislocated patella
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Limited range of motion in the hip, often noted as a limitation in abduction, is a common sign of congenital hip dysplasia. This limitation is due to the abnormal development of the hip joint, affecting its movement. Symmetrical hip movement (Choice A) is not a characteristic sign of congenital hip dysplasia. Swelling of the knees (Choice C) is not typically associated with this condition. Dislocated patella (Choice D) refers to a different anatomical structure and is not a common sign of congenital hip dysplasia.
What is the primary reason influencing most people's food choices?
- A. cost
- B. taste
- C. convenience
- D. nutritional value
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary reason most people choose the foods they eat is taste. While cost, convenience, and nutritional value also play a role in food choices, taste often takes precedence as people are more likely to select foods that they find appealing in flavor. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect as taste is the chief factor influencing food choices.
How should a healthcare professional approach the care of a child with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes?
- A. Emphasize the importance of blood glucose monitoring
- B. Avoid insulin therapy
- C. Encourage a high-carbohydrate diet
- D. Recommend alternative therapies only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Emphasizing the importance of blood glucose monitoring is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes effectively. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps in maintaining optimal control of the condition, adjusting treatment plans as necessary, and preventing complications. Choice B is incorrect because insulin therapy is the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes to regulate blood sugar levels. Choice C is incorrect because while diet is important, encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect because alternative therapies should not replace standard medical treatment like insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes management.
What is the term for the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius?
- A. Calorie
- B. Joule
- C. Kilojoule
- D. Kilocalorie
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Kilocalorie. The term kilocalorie, often referred to as a calorie, is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. While Choice A, Calorie, is technically correct, it is not the most specific term for the described amount of heat. Choice B, Joule, is a unit of energy but not specifically related to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of water. Choice C, Kilojoule, is also a unit of energy but not the precise term for the heat required to raise the temperature of water by one degree Celsius.