Nokea
What directional order best describes the body progression of jaundice in the newborn infant?
- A. feet, legs, body, face, head
- B. abdomen, extremities, face, head
- C. face, chest, abdomen, arms, legs
- D. chest, face, head, abdomen, arms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Jaundice typically progresses from head to toe, starting with the face.
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The nurse recommends skin-to-skin contact immediately following the birth of a newborn because it reduces what type of heat loss?
- A. radiation
- B. convection
- C. conduction
- D. evaporation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: evaporation. Skin-to-skin contact reduces evaporative heat loss by preventing the newborn's skin from losing heat through evaporation of amniotic fluid. This is effective in helping the baby maintain a stable body temperature. Radiation (A), convection (B), and conduction (C) are other types of heat loss that are not specifically addressed by skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth.
Which newborn reflex is elicited by stroking the lateral sole of the infant's foot from the heel to the ball of the foot?
- A. Babinski
- B. Stepping
- C. Tonic neck
- D. Plantar grasp
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Babinski reflex. This reflex is elicited by stroking the lateral sole of the infant's foot, causing the big toe to extend and the other toes to fan out. This response is normal in infants up to 2 years old. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Stepping reflex is the automatic movement of the legs when held upright with the feet touching a surface.
C: Tonic neck reflex occurs when an infant turns their head to one side, the arm on that side extends while the opposite arm flexes.
D: Plantar grasp reflex is when pressure is applied to the sole of the foot, causing the toes to curl.
Which statement is most accurate regarding delivery of a newborn?
- A. Infants delivered via cesarean section are at lower risk of transitional problems.
- B. Vaginal deliveries increase the risk of infants aspirating lung fluid.
- C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid.
- D. Vaginal deliveries are often avoided in term infants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid. During vaginal delivery, the infant's thorax undergoes a squeezing motion which helps to expel the amniotic fluid from the lungs, reducing the risk of respiratory issues. In contrast, infants delivered via cesarean section do not experience this thoracic squeeze, potentially leading to a higher risk of respiratory problems.
A is incorrect because infants delivered via cesarean section may actually have higher risks of transitional problems due to the lack of thoracic squeeze. B is incorrect as vaginal deliveries facilitate the natural process of clearing lung fluid. D is incorrect as vaginal deliveries are the preferred method for term infants when possible, as they provide various benefits for both the mother and the baby.
An infant weighing 4.1 kg was born 2 hours ago at 37 weeks of gestation. The infant appears chubby with a flushed complexion and is very tremulous. The tremors are most likely the result of:
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Birth injury
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Seizures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypoglycemia often presents with tremors, irritability, and poor feeding in newborns. It is common due to the high energy demands and limited glycogen stores.
When teaching umbilical cord care to a new parent, the nurse would include which information?
- A. Apply peroxide to the cord with each diaper change.
- B. Cover the cord with petroleum jelly after bathing.
- C. Keep the cord dry and open to air.
- D. Wash the cord with soap and water each day during a tub bath.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping the cord dry and exposed to air promotes healing.