Nokea
What does a birth plan help the parents accomplish?
- A. Avoidance of an episiotomy
- B. Determining the outcome of the birth
- C. Assuming complete control of the situation
- D. Taking an active part in planning the birth experience
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a birth plan allows parents to actively participate in planning their birth experience by outlining their preferences and wishes. It helps them communicate their desires to healthcare providers and ensures their preferences are considered during labor and delivery. Choice A is incorrect as avoiding an episiotomy is a specific medical procedure, not the primary purpose of a birth plan. Choice B is incorrect as determining the outcome of birth is not within the control of parents. Choice C is incorrect as assuming complete control of the situation may not be realistic or safe during childbirth.
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The nurse is reviewing the procedure for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening with a patient at 16 weeks' gestation. The nurse determines that the patient understands the teaching when she states that will be collected for the initial screening process?
- A. Urine
- B. Blood
- C. Saliva
- D. Amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening is a test that measures the level of AFP in the mother's blood to screen for certain fetal abnormalities. AFP is a protein produced by the fetus and can be detected in the mother's blood. Blood is the most appropriate sample for this screening as it directly reflects the fetal AFP levels. Urine (A), saliva (C), and amniotic fluid (D) do not contain AFP in levels that can be accurately measured for this screening, making them incorrect choices. Blood is the standard and most reliable sample for AFP screening due to its direct correlation with fetal AFP levels.
The nurse is providing education to a patient at 16 weeks' gestation who is undecided about consenting to the quad screen. How can the nurse explain the purpose of the quad screen to the patient?
- A. It indicates the risk of the fetus for heart defects.
- B. It indicates the risk of the fetus for neural tube defects.
- C. It indicates the risk of the fetus for neural tube defects and chromosome abnormalities.
- D. It indicates the risk of the fetus for chromosome abnormalities.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the quad screen is a prenatal screening test that assesses the risk of the fetus for neural tube defects and chromosome abnormalities. At 16 weeks' gestation, this test helps identify potential issues early on, allowing for further diagnostic testing and appropriate interventions if needed. Choice A is incorrect because the quad screen does not specifically target heart defects. Choice B is incorrect as the quad screen does not solely focus on neural tube defects. Choice D is incorrect because the quad screen assesses both neural tube defects and chromosome abnormalities, not just chromosome abnormalities alone. Therefore, choice C is the most comprehensive and accurate explanation of the purpose of the quad screen for the patient at 16 weeks' gestation.
A young man is planning to use the condom as a contraceptive device. The nurse should teach him that which of the following actions is needed to maximize the condom's effectiveness?
- A. Use only water-soluble lubricants.
- B. Use only natural lambskin condoms.
- C. Apply the condom to a flaccid penis.
- D. Apply it tightly to the tip of the penis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Water-soluble lubricants should be used with condoms to prevent breakage. Natural lambskin condoms do not protect against STIs, and condoms should be applied to an erect penis.
Which analysis of maternal serum is the best predictor of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus?
- A. Biophysical profile
- B. Multiple-marker screening
- C. Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin ratio
- D. Blood type and crossmatch of maternal and fetal serum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Multiple-marker screening. This analysis measures levels of certain proteins and hormones in maternal serum to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. It is considered the best predictor because abnormal levels of these markers can indicate conditions like Down syndrome. Biophysical profile (A) assesses fetal well-being but does not directly predict chromosomal abnormalities. Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin ratio (C) is used to assess fetal lung maturity, not chromosomal abnormalities. Blood type and crossmatch (D) are important for identifying Rh incompatibility but do not predict chromosomal abnormalities.
A nurse is teaching the staff about the Institute of Medicine competencies. Which examples indicate the staff has a correct understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Use informatics.
- B. Use transparency.
- C. Apply globalization.
- D. Apply quality improvement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine competencies include: Provide patient-centered care; work in interdisciplinary teams; use evidence-based practice; apply quality improvement; and use informatics. Transparency is included in the 10 rules of performance in a redesigned health care system, not a competency. While globalization is important in health care, it is not a competency.