Nokea
What does reproductive health refer to?
- A. Healthy baby
- B. Frequent coitus
- C. Healthy reproductive organs and functions
- D. Longer lifetime
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reproductive health refers to the overall well-being of the reproductive system, including both the organs and their functions. It encompasses the ability to have a satisfying and safe sex life, the capability to reproduce, and the absence of reproductive problems. Choice A is incorrect because reproductive health is not solely about having a healthy baby but also includes the health of the individual. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses only on sexual activity frequency rather than the holistic well-being of the reproductive system. Choice D is incorrect because a longer lifetime does not specifically relate to reproductive health.
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Which of the following are types of induced abortions?
- A. Therapeutic abortion
- B. Missed abortion
- C. Inevitable abortion
- D. Threatened abortion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, therapeutic abortion, which is a type of induced abortion performed for medical reasons. Missed abortion, inevitable abortion, and threatened abortion are types of spontaneous abortions, not induced abortions. Missed abortion refers to a non-viable pregnancy, inevitable abortion is a miscarriage that cannot be stopped, and threatened abortion is when there is bleeding during pregnancy without cervical dilation.
The letter 'T' in the Acronym 'GATHER' denotes:
- A. Ask the client about themselves - particular needs, obstetric and medical history
- B. Tell the client about modern FP methods available, and discuss each in detail
- C. Help the client choose a method and repeat information regarding the chosen method if necessary
- D. Explain how to use the method - what, where, when, and how
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Tell the client about modern FP methods available, and discuss each in detail.' In the GATHER acronym, 'T' stands for providing information about modern family planning methods to the client and having a detailed discussion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the 'T' component in the GATHER approach. Choice A focuses more on gathering information from the client, choice C is about helping the client choose a method, and choice D is about explaining how to use the method, none of which align with the 'T' in GATHER.
Which of the following are outcomes of an ectopic pregnancy EXCEPT?
- A. Tubal abortion
- B. Tubal rupture
- C. Intra-tubal bleeding
- D. Secondary abdominal pregnancy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. Common outcomes include tubal abortion (spontaneous termination of ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube), tubal rupture (rupture of the fallopian tube leading to internal bleeding), and intra-tubal bleeding. Secondary abdominal pregnancy, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence and not a typical outcome of an ectopic pregnancy. It involves the implantation of a fertilized egg in the peritoneal cavity rather than the uterus.
The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as:
- A. Racemose glands
- B. Rugae
- C. Arbor vitae
- D. Peritoneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as rugae, not Arbor vitae. Rugae are commonly found in anatomical structures like the stomach and bladder to allow expansion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Racemose glands refer to branched compound glands, Arbor vitae is the tree-like appearance of the cerebellum, and Peritoneum is the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity.
Which of the following hormone ratios is MOST likely to be increased in a patient with PCOS?
- A. Progesterone/estrogen
- B. LH/FSH
- C. FSH/LH
- D. Glucagon/insulin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), the LH/FSH ratio is most likely to be increased. This hormonal imbalance is a key characteristic of PCOS, where elevated LH levels relative to FSH contribute to the pathophysiology of the condition. Choice A, progesterone/estrogen ratio, is not typically a defining feature of PCOS. Choice C, FSH/LH ratio, is the reverse of what is commonly observed in PCOS. Choice D, glucagon/insulin ratio, is not directly related to the hormonal imbalances seen in PCOS.