Nokea
What does the nurse explain as the cause of this spinal curvature defect?
- A. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Poor posture
- C. Heredity
- D. Myelomeningocele
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Functional scoliosis is typically caused by poor posture and is not a structural spinal disease.
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How long does it take for the toe to regain color if adequate perfusion is assessed?
- A. 3 seconds
- B. 4 seconds
- C. 5 seconds
- D. 6 seconds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Capillary refill in 3 seconds or less indicates adequate perfusion in a child in Bryant's traction.
The nurse demonstrates which similarities among all traction devices?
- A. Pull the limb into extension.
- B. Decrease muscle spasm.
- C. Reduce pain.
- D. Align two bone fragments.
- E. Immobilize the limb.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Traction devices pull limbs into extension, decrease muscle spasm, align bone fragments, and immobilize limbs; pain relief varies.
What do these finding indicate?
- A. Sexual abuse
- B. Physical abuse
- C. Physical neglect
- D. Emotional abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disheveled appearance, being unbathed, and hungry suggest physical neglect, failing to meet the child's basic needs.
What would the nurse consider an abnormal finding on a musculoskeletal assessment of a 4-year-old child?
- A. Has inward-turned knees while standing.
- B. Walks on the toes.
- C. Appears to have flat feet.
- D. Swings his arms when walking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Toe walking after age 3 may indicate a muscle problem, unlike other findings which are typical in young children.
What type of fracture would be the most likely to alert the nurse to the possibility of physical abuse?
- A. Stress fracture
- B. Compound fracture
- C. Spiral fracture
- D. Greenstick fracture
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spiral fractures, caused by twisting motions, may suggest abuse if the injury history does not match the findings.