Nokea
What fetal change occurs when the fundal height reaches the xiphoid process?
- A. Surfactant forms in lungs
- B. Eyes begin to open and close
- C. Respiratory movements begin
- D. Spinal column is complete
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surfactant production begins in the lungs around this stage of pregnancy, preparing them for postnatal breathing.
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A pregnant woman who is 20 weeks gestation asks about the risk of consuming caffeine during pregnancy. Which of the following responses is most appropriate?
- A. It is safe to consume up to 200 mg of caffeine per day during pregnancy.
- B. You should avoid caffeine completely during pregnancy.
- C. Moderate caffeine consumption is okay, but avoid drinking coffee in the afternoon.
- D. Caffeine has no impact on your pregnancy, so you can drink it as desired.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because current guidelines suggest that consuming up to 200 mg of caffeine per day is considered safe during pregnancy. This amount is unlikely to harm the developing fetus. Excessive caffeine intake has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage and low birth weight.
Option B is incorrect as complete avoidance of caffeine is not necessary, but rather moderation is key. Option C is partially correct in emphasizing moderation but the recommendation to avoid coffee in the afternoon is not supported by evidence. Option D is incorrect as caffeine does have an impact on pregnancy, and unrestricted consumption is not advisable.
A pregnant patient at 28 weeks gestation reports lightheadedness and fainting when standing up. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
- B. Increased blood volume and decreased blood pressure
- C. Iron-deficiency anemia
- D. Hyperglycemia from gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased blood volume and decreased blood pressure. At 28 weeks gestation, the pregnant patient's blood volume significantly increases to support the developing fetus, causing a relative decrease in blood pressure when standing up (orthostatic hypotension). This can lead to lightheadedness and fainting. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (choice A) can contribute to these symptoms but are less likely in a pregnant patient. Iron-deficiency anemia (choice C) can cause similar symptoms but is less common at 28 weeks gestation. Hyperglycemia from gestational diabetes (choice D) typically presents with other symptoms like excessive thirst and urination, rather than lightheadedness and fainting.
Which food can a lactose-intolerant pregnant woman consume for calcium?
- A. Turnip greens
- B. Green beans
- C. Cantaloupe
- D. Nectarines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Turnip greens are rich in calcium, making them a suitable alternative for lactose-intolerant individuals.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 34 weeks gestation and is concerned about the safety of using herbal remedies. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
- A. Herbal remedies are always safe during pregnancy as long as they are natural.
- B. You should avoid all herbal remedies during pregnancy without consulting your healthcare provider.
- C. Herbal remedies are only unsafe during the first trimester of pregnancy.
- D. Herbal remedies are safe as long as they are purchased from a reputable source.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pregnant patients should avoid all herbal remedies without consulting their healthcare provider. During pregnancy, there can be potential risks associated with herbal remedies, as their safety and efficacy are not well studied. It is crucial for healthcare providers to assess the individual patient's medical history and current health status before recommending any herbal remedies.
Choice A is incorrect because not all herbal remedies are safe during pregnancy, regardless of being natural. Choice C is incorrect because herbal remedies can pose risks throughout pregnancy, not just in the first trimester. Choice D is incorrect because the safety of herbal remedies cannot be guaranteed solely by purchasing them from a reputable source. Consulting a healthcare provider is essential to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.
Which food can a lactose-intolerant pregnant woman consume for calcium?
- A. Turnip greens
- B. Green beans
- C. Cantaloupe
- D. Nectarines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Turnip greens are rich in calcium, making them a suitable alternative for lactose-intolerant individuals.