Nokea
What finding would lead healthcare providers to suspect Turner syndrome in a child?
- A. Webbed neck
- B. Microcephaly
- C. Gynecomastia
- D. Cognitive delay
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A webbed neck is a classic physical characteristic seen in individuals with Turner syndrome, a genetic condition that results from a missing or partially missing X chromosome in females. This distinctive feature occurs due to excess skin on the neck and is a key clinical clue for healthcare providers. Microcephaly (choice B) refers to a small head size and is not typically associated with Turner syndrome. Gynecomastia (choice C) is the enlargement of breast tissue in males and is not a common finding in Turner syndrome. Cognitive delay (choice D) involves intellectual or developmental delays and is not a specific feature of Turner syndrome.
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A healthcare professional is preparing a presentation for a parent group about musculoskeletal injuries. When describing a child's risk for this type of injury, the professional integrates knowledge that bone growth occurs primarily in which area?
- A. Growth plate.
- B. Epiphysis.
- C. Physis.
- D. Metaphysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone growth primarily occurs in the epiphysis, which is the area where growth plates are located. The epiphysis is responsible for longitudinal bone growth. The growth plate, also known as the physis, is the cartilaginous region in the metaphysis where bone growth occurs. The metaphysis is the area between the epiphysis and diaphysis where bone lengthening occurs, but it is not the primary site of bone growth. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect.
During an oral cavity assessment of a 6-month-old infant, the parent inquires about which teeth will erupt first. How should the healthcare provider respond?
- A. Incisors
- B. Canines
- C. Upper molars
- D. Lower molars
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incisors are the teeth that typically erupt first in infants, usually around 6 months of age. These teeth play a crucial role in biting and cutting food. Canines, upper molars, and lower molars are not the primary teeth to erupt in infants. Canines usually erupt after incisors, while molars, whether upper or lower, come in later during the teething process.
A 3-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- A. Administering IV immunoglobulin
- B. Monitoring for coronary artery aneurysms
- C. Encouraging fluid intake
- D. Providing nutritional support
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a 3-year-old child with Kawasaki disease is monitoring for coronary artery aneurysms. Kawasaki disease can lead to coronary artery complications, making early detection crucial in preventing serious outcomes. Administering IV immunoglobulin is a standard treatment for Kawasaki disease but does not take precedence over monitoring for potential complications. Encouraging fluid intake and providing nutritional support are important aspects of care but are not the priority when compared to monitoring for coronary artery aneurysms to prevent long-term cardiac issues.
A group of students is reviewing the components of the endocrine system. The students demonstrate understanding of the review when they identify what as the primary function of this system?
- A. Regulation of water balance
- B. Hormonal secretion
- C. Cellular metabolism
- D. Growth stimulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the endocrine system is hormonal secretion. This system is responsible for producing and releasing hormones that regulate various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, and mood. Choice A, regulation of water balance, is more related to the functions of the renal system rather than the endocrine system. Choice C, cellular metabolism, is a general cellular process that involves various systems, not specific to the endocrine system. Choice D, growth stimulation, though hormones can influence growth, it is not the primary function of the endocrine system. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
A healthcare professional is educating a parent group about the importance of immunizations. Which disease can be prevented by the varicella vaccine?
- A. Measles
- B. Mumps
- C. Rubella
- D. Chickenpox
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The varicella vaccine is specifically designed to prevent chickenpox. Measles, mumps, and rubella are prevented by different vaccines (MMR vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella). Therefore, the correct answer is chickenpox (varicella). It is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide accurate information about vaccines to help ensure the health and well-being of individuals.